欧洲山毛榉不同月份光合特性研究  

Photosynthetic Characteristics of Fagus sylvatica L.in Different Months

作　　者：卢绍辉[1] 袁国军[1] 龚东风 杨昆[1] 马俊青[1] Lu Shaohui;Yuan Guojun;Gong Dongfeng;Yang Kun;Ma Junqing(Henan Academy of Forestry,Zhengzhou 450008,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省林业科学研究院,河南郑州450008

出　　处：《中国野生植物资源》2022年第9期36-43,共8页Chinese Wild Plant Resources

基　　金：国家林业局“948”项目《彩色山毛榉种质资源及栽培技术引进》(2015-4-03);河南省基本科研业务费项目(110222155)。

摘　　要：目的:研究欧洲山毛榉(Fagus sylvatica L.)在不同月份的光合特性差异,为探究欧洲山毛榉的主要生长时期及园林栽培和应用提供理论基础。方法:采用Li-6400XT型便携式光合测定系统对5年生欧洲山毛榉6、7、8、9月的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci)、气孔导度(Gs)的日变化及光响应曲线进行测定。结果发现欧洲山毛榉不同月份的光合特性:6月份的Pn呈“双峰型”曲线,且Pn值显著高于其他月份;Tr均呈“单峰型”曲线,且6月Tr值显著高于其他月份,各个月份的Ci值日变化趋势基本一致,均是先下降后上升;4个月份Gs日变化趋势比较一致,但6月、7月的Gs值高于8月、9月;欧洲山毛榉在各月份的Pn、Tr、Gs大小顺序表现为6月>7月>8月>9月,而6月的Ci值显著低于9月份,其余月份之间的Ci值无显著差异,说明欧洲山毛榉6月份的生长速度高于其他月份。相关性分析可知,7月份Pn与Gs呈极显著正相关,与Tr呈显著正相关,9月份Pn与Ci呈极显著正相关。欧洲山毛榉光响应曲线测定发现当表观量子效率为0.0241,暗呼吸速率为-0.8824μmol/m^(2)·s,光补偿点为36.614μmol/m^(2)·s,光饱和点为1925μmol/m^(2)·s时,最大净光合速率为7.6613μmol/m^(2)·s。结论:欧洲山毛榉主要生长时期在6至7月份,在此期间,应做好遮阴措施,减少欧洲山毛榉出现“午休”现象,延长欧洲山毛榉生长时间。Objective:To study the photosynthetic characteristics and find out the main growth period and garden cultivation mode of Fagus sylvatica L..Methods:The diurnal variation and Light response curves of Pn,Tr,Ci and Gs in June,July,August and September of five-year-old F.sylvatica were measured by Li-6400 photosynthetic system.Results:The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate and tran‑spiration rate of F.sylvatica in June were higher than July,August and September;the diurnal variation trend of intercellular CO_(2) was basically the same in June,July,August and September,which was first decreased and then increased;the diurnal variation trend of stomatal conductance(Gs)was consistent in four months,but June and July was higher than August and September;The order of Pn,Tr and Gs of F.sylvatica was June>July>August>September in each month,and the Ci value of June was significantly lower than September,but there was no significant difference about Ci value among other months,indi‑cating that the growth rate of F.sylvatica in June was higher than that in other months.The correlation analysis showed that Pn had an extremely significant positive correlation with Gs,and a significant posi‑tive correlation with Tr in July,and the net photosynthetic rate in September had an extremely significant positive correlation with intercellular CO_(2) concentration.The light response curves of F.sylvatica showed that the apparent quantum efficiency was 0.0241,the dark respiration rate was-0.8824μmol/m^(2)·s,the light compensation point was 36.614μmol/m^(2)·s,and the light saturation point was 1925μmol/m^(2)·s,the maximum net photosynthetic rate was 7.6613μmol/m^(2)·s.Conclusion:In short,the main growth period of F.sylvatica is from June to July.During this period,shade measures should be taken to reduce the“lunch break”of F.sylvatica and extend the growth time of F.sylvatica.

关 键 词：欧洲山毛榉 光合特性 光响应曲线 

分 类 号：S713[农业科学—林学]