基于改进PCA-FCA法的陕西省中部典型区域地下水质综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in Typical Areas of Central Shaanxi Province Based on Improved PCA-FCA Method

作　　者：邵鹏鲲 杨银科[1,2] 程佳明 盛强[1,2] SHAO Peng-kun;YANG Yin-ke;CHENG Jia-ming;SHENG Qiang(School of Water and Environment,Changan University,Xi'an 710054,China;Key Laboratory of Sbsurface Huydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Refgion,Changan University,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学水利与环境学院,陕西西安710054 [2]长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2022年第9期86-89,22,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：中国科学院黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLLQG1933);长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(300102291403);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2017JM4018,2021SF-497)。

摘　　要：精准评价地下水水质状况是构建地下水污染防治体系,保障供水安全的重要基础。以陕西省中部典型区域实测地下水水质数据为基础,将主成分分析(PCA)与模糊综合评价法(FCA)相结合,综合考虑影响小区域农村地下水水质的关键因素,通过改进的层次分析法(AHP法)确定权重,对水质进行综合评价,并与FCA法、PCA法、最大污染项评价法进行对比。结果表明,影响研究区地下水水质的主要成分有总硬度、溶解性总固体、硫酸盐、氟化物、COD_(Mn)和硝酸盐;丰水期地下水水质总体良好,地下水水质主要为Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类,Ⅰ类居多,Ⅱ类次之,仅有个别隐患,水质达到Ⅴ类;PCA-FCA法综合考虑主要影响成分及其模糊性,能更科学地评价地下水水质情况。Accurate evaluation of groundwater quality is an important basis for constructing groundwater pollution control system and ensuring water supply safety.Based on the measured groundwater quality data of typical regions in central Shaanxi Province,combining FCA with PCA,comprehensively considering the key factors affecting the quality of rural groundwater in small areas,the improved AHP method was used to determine the weight for comprehensive evaluation of water quality.The results were compared with FCA,PCA and maximum pollution assessment method.The results show that the main components affecting the groundwater quality in the study area were the total hardness,dissolved total solids,sulfate,fluoride,COD_(Mn)and nitrate.The groundwater quality in wet season is generally good,and the groundwater quality is mainly of classⅠandⅡ,with the majority of classⅠand the second of classⅡ.There are only some hidden dangers,and the water quality is up to classⅤ.The PCA-FCA method can evaluate groundwater quality more scientifically by comprehensively considering the main influencing components and their fuzziness.

关 键 词：地下水污染 水质评价 主成分分析法(PCA) 模糊综合评价法(FCA) 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源] X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X523