林芝地区引进三元猪生产繁殖性能试验研究  

Experimental study on the reproductive performance of ternary crossbred pigs in Linzhi region

作　　者：孙建春 张红亮 邹雨婷 石斌[3] 吴征王 吴海彬 夏小龙 黄鹏程 索朗曲珍 席永士 桑琼拉姆 冯志强 白玛普加 李通 张二雷 刘海金 徐平 SUN Jianchun;ZHANG Hongliang;ZOU Yuting;SHI Bin;WU Zhengwang;WU Haibin;XIA Xiaolong;HUANG Pengcheng;SUO Langquzhen;XI Yongshi;SANG Qionglamu;FENG Zhiqiang;BAI Mapujia;LI Tong;ZHANG Erlei;LIU Haijin;XU Ping;无(Quality and Safety Inspection and Testing Centre for Agricultural and Livestock Products,Lhasa,Tibet 850000;Poultry Breed Research and Protection Promotion Centre,Lhasa,Tibet 850000;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa,Tibet 850000;Quxian Animal Disease Prevention and Control Centre,Dazhou,Sichuan 635200;Veterinary biopharmaceutical factory of Tibet Autonomous Region,Lhasa,Tibet 850000;Tanggu Township Integrated Service Centre for Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Linzhou,Tibet 851614)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区农畜产品质量安全检验检测中心,西藏拉萨850000 [2]拉萨市禽类良种研究保护推广中心,西藏拉萨850000 [3]西藏自治区农牧科学院畜牧兽医研究所,西藏拉萨850000 [4]渠县动物疫病预防控制中心,四川达州635200 [5]西藏自治区兽医生物药品制造厂,西藏拉萨850000 [6]西藏自治区林周县唐古乡农牧综合服务中心,西藏林周851614

出　　处：《中国饲料》2022年第16期28-32,共5页China Feed

基　　金：西藏自治区科技项目“三元杂交猪引进及标准化生产技术示范”。

摘　　要：文章旨在西藏林芝地区筛选出生长繁殖性能优良的三元杂交猪种组合。试验采用引进的D(杜洛克)、L(长白猪)、Y(大白猪)种猪和LY二元母猪分别进行D×D、L×L、Y×Y、L×Y、D×LY5个组合的繁殖性能试验,记录窝产仔猪数、初生重、断奶仔猪数、断奶仔猪重、断奶仔猪育成率等繁殖性能指标,测定日增重、料肉比、达到90kg的日龄、屠宰率、背膘厚及瘦肉率等生长指标。结果表明,以四川省内江种猪场生产记录为对照(低海拔,600m),引进猪种组合的繁殖性能(高海拔3000m)与在低海拔饲养的同类种猪差异不显著(P> 0.05),在高海拔条件下数L×Y组合产仔头数、断奶头数显著高于其他组合猪种(P <0.05),极显著高于D产仔头数(P <0.01);育成率L组显著低于其他组合(P <0.05),且其余猪种组合差异不显著(P> 0.05)。另外,在试验中,三元杂交猪日增重显著高于二元猪(P <0.05),达到90kg日龄显著提前于二元猪(P <0.05),料肉比显著低于二元猪(P <0.05);三元杂交猪屠宰率显著高于二元猪(P <0.05),背膘厚显著低于二元猪(P <0.05),瘦肉率极显著高于二元猪(P <0.01)。从经济和市场需求方面考虑,三元杂交猪生产性能指标最佳。结论 :林芝地区能为生猪养殖提供适宜场所,引进猪种能较好的释放生产性能,在林芝地区发展D×LY三元杂交生猪养殖是较为理想的组合。Objective :To screen out ternary crossbred pig combinations with excellent growth and reproductive performance in the Linzhi region of Tibet. Method :This experiment applied the introduced D(Duroc),L(Long White)and Y(Large White)breeding pigs and LY binary sows to conduct reproductive performance tests on five combinations of D×D,L×L,Y×Y,L×Y and D×LY respectively,reproductive performance indicators such as litter size,new born weight,weaning piglet size,weaning piglet weight and weaning piglet fertility rate,and measuring daily weight gain,feed to meat ratio,reaching 90 kg of age,slaughter rate,backfat thickness and lean meat percentage were recorded. Results :Using the production records of the Neijiang breeding farm in Sichuan Province as a control(low altitude,600 m),the reproductive performance of the introduced pig breed combination(high altitude,3000 m)was not significantly different from that of similar breeds reared at low altitude(P > 0.05),and the number of piglets born and weaned in the L×Y combination under high altitude conditions was significantly higher than that of the other combinations(P > 0.05)and significantly higher than that of D piglets(P > 0.01);the breeding rate of L group was significantly lower than other combinations(P > 0.05),and the difference between the remaining pig breed combinations were not significant(P > 0.05). In addition,the daily weight gain of ternary crossbred pigs was significantly higher than that of binary pigs(P > 0.05),and reached 90 kg at an earlier age than binary pigs(P > 0.05),while the lean meat ratio was significantly lower than that of binary pigs(P > 0.05).(P > 0.01). In terms of economic and market demand,the ternary crosses marks the best indicator of production performance. The study indicated that the Linzhi area could provide a suitable place for pig breeding,the introduced pig breed could release the production performance better,and the development of D×LY tri-cross pig breeding in the Linzhi area is a more ideal choice combination.

关 键 词：三元杂交 繁殖性能 高海拔 料肉比 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]