不同碳源饲粮对安格斯牛×湘西黄牛肉常规养分、品质及核苷酸含量的影响  

Effects of different carbon source on narvet quality,nucleotide and amino acid content of Aberdeen miscellaneous cattle

作　　者：苏敏超 周静 陈东[1] 田科雄[1] 沈清武 易康乐[3] 李付强 SU Minchao;ZHOU Jing;CHEN Dong;TIAN Kexiong;SHEN Qingwu;YI Kangle;LI Fuqiang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan Province 410128,China;College of Food Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan Province 410128,China;Hunan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Changsha,Hunan Province 410131,China;Hunan Tianhua Industry Co.,Ltd.,Loudi,Hunan Province 417127,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学食品科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128 [3]湖南省畜牧兽医研究所,湖南长沙410131 [4]湖南天华实业有限公司,湖南娄底417127

出　　处：《中国饲料》2022年第19期35-42,共8页China Feed

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究项目重点项目(19A237);国家自然科学青年基金(32002202);中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目(2021QZY037);湖南省草食动物产业技术体系。

摘　　要：为研究不同碳源饲粮对安格斯牛×湘西黄牛(♂×♀,安本杂牛)肉常规养分、品质及核苷酸含量的影响,试验选取20月龄左右、体重相近、健康状况良好的去势安本杂牛21头,随机分为3组,每组7头。对照组饲喂常规饲粮,玉米组饲喂以玉米淀粉为主要碳源的饲粮,大麦组饲喂以大麦淀粉(在玉米组基础上用大麦替代玉米)为主要碳源的饲粮,玉米组和大麦组按等氮原则进行配制。玉米组和大麦组粗饲料为水稻秸秆,精粗比为9:1,试验期100 d。试验结束后,试验牛空腹12 h后屠宰,取12~13肋背最长肌分析常规养分和品质;排酸24 h后取12~13肋背最长肌进行核苷酸含量分析。结果表明:(1)玉米和大麦组淀粉摄入量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),分别增加了251.90%和241.77%,大麦组粗蛋白质摄入量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),增加了34.26%。(2)大麦组牛肉水分含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),大麦组和玉米组粗脂肪含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),分别增加了106.71%和83.84%。(3)各组肉色、剪切力和pH24 h差异不显著(P>0.05),玉米组b*值有增高趋势;玉米组和大麦组蒸煮损失显著低于对照组(P<0.05),分别降低了11.23%和14.29%。(4)各组饲粮牛肉5’-核苷酸含量、味精当量浓度(EUC)及味觉活性值(TAV)差异均不显著(P>0.05),5’-IMP(鲜味)含量在5’-核苷酸中含量最高且味觉活性值大于1。由此可见,饲喂玉米淀粉或大麦淀粉作为碳源饲粮可提高牛肉粗脂肪含量和降低蒸煮损失,其中,玉米淀粉的效果优于大麦淀粉。因此,建议生产中育肥后期的安本杂牛以玉米作为主要碳源进行饲喂,肉品质效果更佳。This experiment was conducted to investigate that Angus cattle×Xiangxi yellow miscellaneous cattle(♂×♀,Angus×Chinese Xiangxi yellow cattle)fed dietary with different carbon sources can affected conventional nutrients,meat color,pH,shear force,water loss,cooking loss,nucleotide content and sweet amino acid content.Test selected 21 head 20-month-old Angus×Chinese Xiangxi yellow bulls with similar body condition,and randomly divided into 3 groups,7 in each group.Among them,the control group fed regular diet,the corn group fed with corn starch as the main carbon source of high concentrate fattening diet,and the barley group was fed a high-concentrate fattening diet with barley starch(replacing corn with barley on the basis of corn group)as the main carbon source.The corn and barley groups were configured according to the principle of equal nitrogen,and the control group was the traditional diet formula of the farm,the roughage of corn group and barley group was rice straw,with the ratio of concentrate to forage of 9:1,and the experiment period was100 days.After the experiment,cattles were slaughtered on an empty stomach for 12 h,dischargeed acid for 24 h and took 12~13 longissimus dorsi muscles for index analysis.The results showed that:(1)The starch intake of corn and barley groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01),increased by 251.90%and 241.77%respectively,and the crude protein intake of barley group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05),increased by 34.26%.(2)Proximate components:moisture content in barley group was significantly lower than control group(P<0.05),and the ether extract content was extremely significantly higher than the control group(P<0.01),increased by 106.71%and 83.84%respectively.(3)Meat quality:there was no significant difference among three groups related to meat color,pH24 h and shear force(P>0.05),but b*value in corn group had the increasing tendency.The cooking loss of corn and barley groups was significantly lower than the control gr

关 键 词：安本杂牛 肉品质 5’-核苷酸 营养成分 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]