不同预处理方式对油菜秸秆微贮饲料品质的影响  

Effects of different pre-treatment methods on quality of feedstuffs from rape straw microbial fermentation

作　　者：伍玉鹏[1] 刘恒恒 胡荣桂[1] 徐志宇 王砚[1] WU Yupeng;LIU Hengheng;HU Ronggui;XU Zhiyu;WANG Yan(College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei Province 430070,China;Rural Energy and Enviroment Agency,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]中华人民共和国农业农村部农业生态与资源保护总站,北京100125

出　　处：《中国饲料》2022年第19期134-139,共6页China Feed

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-12)。

摘　　要：破坏油菜秸秆表皮的纤维结构并充分发挥乳酸菌的作用是微贮制备优质油菜秸秆饲料的关键。本研究利用秸秆腐熟剂破坏油菜秸秆表皮结构,利用高温蒸煮调控优势菌群,通过比较高温蒸煮、秸秆腐熟剂好氧发酵和乳酸菌厌氧发酵的不同组合,筛选较优的油菜秸秆微贮饲料化前处理方法,以提高油菜秸秆微贮效率和发酵品质。不同组合处理的结果对比显示:利用秸秆腐熟剂进行7 d的好氧发酵,然后进行高温蒸煮,最后利用乳酸菌进行33 d的厌氧发酵是对油菜秸秆进行饲料化微贮的最佳方法。该方法在不延长总体饲料制备时间的前提下,获得了最高的秸秆饲料感官评分(82分),较常规微贮提高了78%,显著低于常规处理的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量(分别为62.3%和47.2%),并拥有更高的粗蛋白质(CP)(5.67%)和乳酸(3.42%)含量,能够有效提高油菜秸秆饲用品质。Breaking the fiber structure of rape straw and giving full effects of Lactic acid bacteria is the key to prepare the high-quality feedstuffs from rape straw microbial fermentation.Straw-decomposing inoculant was used to destroy the fiber structure of rape straw,and thermophilic digestion was used to regulate microbial community.By comparing the different combinations of thermophilic digestion,aerobic fermentation by straw-decomposing inoculant and anaerobic fermentation by Lactic acid bacteria,a better pre-treatment methods for rape straw microbial fermentation was selected in the present study.Results showed that the best pre-treatment method for rape straw microbial fermentation was aerobic fermentation with straw-decomposing inoculant for 7 days,followed by thermophilic digestion,and finally anaerobic fermentation with Lactic acid bacteria for 33 days.Without increasing the overall treatment time,feedstuffs obtained by this method showed the highest sensory score(82),which was 78%higher than the traditional microbial fermentation treatment.The contents of NDF,ADF(62.3%and 47.2%,respectively)was significantly lower,the content of CP,lactic acid(5.67%and 3.42%,respectively)was significantly higher than that of traditional rape straw microbial fermentation.The present selected pre-treatment method significantly improved the feeding quality of rape straw microbial fermentation.

关 键 词：油菜秸秆 微贮 饲料品质 预处理方式 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]