2008—2020年北京市法定传染病报告质量评价及周末节假日效应研究  

Study on quality evaluation of notifiable infectious diseases reports and weekend holiday effects in Beijing from 2008 to 2020

作　　者：史芸萍[1] 高燕琳[1] 王超[1] 刘洋[1] 李刚[1] SHI Yun-ping;GAO Yan-lin;WANG Chao;LIU Yang;LI Gang(Bejing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Bejing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京100013

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2022年第8期715-718,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项(2021-1G-3013)。

摘　　要：目的 了解2008—2020年北京市法定传染病报告质量及报告规律,为法定传染病的防控和预警提供依据和数据支持。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制中心全民健康信息化疾病预防控制信息系统收集2008—2020年北京市法定传染病每日报告数据及年度报告质量评价数据,采用描述性流行病学方法进行统计分析。不同类型日期报告病例数的比较采用Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验。结果 2008—2020年北京市共报告法定传染病卡片2 342 057张,其中未及时报告310张,未及时审核80张,重卡10张。2008—2020年北京市假期后第1天、普通工作日、普通周末、小长假和长假每日报告的法定传染病病例数差异有统计学意义(H=520.62,P<0.01)。假期后第1天报告病例数最多,为487例;其次为普通工作日,日均报告451例;长假日均报告病例数最少,为233例。结论 2008—2020年北京市法定传染病报告质量逐年提高,但仍存在不足。各级医疗卫生机构需加强业务培训和工作节假日期间工作交接;法定传染病日均报告数存在明显的“周末节假日效应”,分析数据认识疾病规律时需注意。Objective To provide basis and data support for the prevention, control and early warning of notifiable infectious diseases by understanding the reporting quality and law of notifiable infectious diseases in Beijing from 2008 to 2020.Methods Daily reported data and annual report quality evaluation data of notifiable infectious diseases in Beijing from 2008 to 2020 were collected by Nationwide Health Information-based Disease Control and Prevention Information System of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the descriptive epidemiological method was used for statistical analysis.Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was used to infer the number of cases reported on different types of dates.Results A total of 2 342 057 cards of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Beijing from 2008 to 2020,310 cards were not timely reported, 80 cards were not timely viewed, and 10 cards were severe.The difference in the number of notifiable infectious diseases reported on the first day after the holiday, ordinary working day, ordinary weekend, min break and long-lasting leave in Beijing from 2008 to 2020 was statistically significant(H=520.62,P<0.01).The reported cases on the first day after the holiday was maximum, hitting 487,followed by that ordinary working day with average number of reported cases daily in 451;and the minimum number of cases was reported during the long-lasting leave, hitting 233 cases.Conclusion The reporting quality of notifiable infectious diseases in Beijing has been improved year by year except some deficiencies.Medical and health institutions need to strengthen business training and work handover during working holidays.Evident “weekend holiday effect” is found with the daily reported data of notifiable infectious diseases, and attention should be paid for data analysis and understandings on disease law.

关 键 词：法定传染病 网络直报 疫情 监测 报告质量 周末效应 节假日效应 质量评价 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]