南通市2018—2020年流感样病例监测结果及与坏境的相关性研究  

Monitoring results of influenza like illinesses in Nantong from 2018 to 2020 and correlations with environment

作　　者：王海燕 苏婧[1] 周洁 潘玉平[1] 孙怡华[1] WANG Hai-yan;SU Jing;ZHOU Jie;PAN Yu-ping;SUN Yi-hua(Department of Microbiology,Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiangsu 226001,China)

机构地区：[1]南通市疾病预防控制中心微生物检验科,江苏226001

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2022年第8期758-762,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：南通市卫生和计划生育委员会科研课题计划(QA2020044)。

摘　　要：目的 分析南通市2018—2020年流行性感冒(流感)流行特征及与气象因素的关系,为今后流感防控工作提供依据。方法 对南通市2018—2020年流感样病例(influenza like illness, ILI)进行数据分析,采集咽拭子标本,用实时荧光定量反转录PCR方法检测核酸进行流感病原分析,采用Spearman法进行秩相关分析ILI与气象因素和大气污染物的关系。结果 南通市2018—2020年哨点医院共报告ILI 67 351例,平均ILI就诊比(ILI%)为5.44%,2020年ILI%高达6.28%。ILI报告数和ILI%均呈明显的季节性特征,均在冬季出现高峰。报告的ILI以0~5岁组为主。2018—2020年共采集ILI样本6 746份,检出流感病毒核酸阳性805份,阳性率为11.93%,2020年流感病毒核酸阳性率为5.31%。2018年流感病毒优势毒株为甲型H1N1、乙型Yamagata, 2019年和2020年流感病毒优势毒株均为乙型Victoria。ILI发病率与平均气温和气压变化有一定相关性,即随气温、气压升高,发病率升高;与大气污染物变化也有一定相关性。结论 南通市2020年流感流行强度较2018年和2019年明显降低,ILI%和发病率随气温升高而降低,随气压或污染物浓度的升高而升高。Objective To provide evidences for influenza prevention and control in the future by analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of influenza(Flu) in Nantong from 2018 to 2020.Methods The data of influenza like illness(ILI) in Nantong from 2018 to 2020 were analyzed, throat swabs were collected for nucleic acid assay by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR,and Spearman method was applied to make the rank correlation analysis on correlation between ILI and meteorological factors or the correlation between ILI and air pollutants.Results A total of 67 351 ILI were reported from sentinel hospitals in Nantong from 2018 to 2020.The average attendance proportion of ILI was 5.44%,and ILI% was up to 6.28% in 2020.The number of reported ILI cases and ILI% showed significant seasonal distinctness, and both peaked in winter.The reported ILI cases were dominated by the 0-5 years old group.A total of 6 746 ILI samples were collected from 2018 to 2020,and 805 samples with a positive rate of 11.93% were detected positive for nucleic acid of influenza virus,and such index hit 5.31% in 2020.The dominant strains were Type A(H1 N1) and Type B(Yamagata) strains, and the dominant strains in both 2019 and 2020 were B Victoria strains.The morbidity of ILI was correlated with the change in mean air temperature or air pressure, the incidence rate increased with the increase in the air temperature and air pressure;and the morbidity of ILI was certainly correlation with changes in air pollutants.Conclusion The epidemic intensity of Flu in Nantong in 2020 is significantly lower than that in 2018 and 2019.The ILI% and morbidity rise with increase in the air temperature and elevates with the increase in the air pressure or pollutant concentration.

关 键 词：流感样病例 病毒分型 儿童 气温 气压 PM2.5 PM10 CO O3 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]