不同肥源及其施肥运筹对中稻-再生稻生长和产量的影响  

Effects of different fertilizer sources and fertilization management on growth and yield of medium rice-ratoon rice

作　　者：张海维 姜硕琛 孔盼 胡丰琴 杜斌[1] 朱建强[1] ZHANG Hai-wei;JIANG Shuo-chen;KONG Pan;HU Feng-qin;DU Bin;ZHU Jian-qiang(College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou Hubei 434025)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2022年第8期133-139,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：再生稻区土壤培肥与丰产增效耕作技术(2016YFD 0300907)。

摘　　要：针对江汉平原早稻-再生稻模式不利种植越冬作物的突出问题,研究中稻-再生稻模式培肥增效可为提高土地利用率提供科学依据。以水稻品种两优1208为试验材料,针对头季稻进行施肥处理,以施磷钾肥不施氮肥为对照(CK),设置3种基肥与追肥组合处理,各处理的总有效养分相同(N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O=120-63-135 kg/hm^(2)),钾肥作基施和穗肥分2次等量施用,氮肥作基肥、分蘖肥和穗肥分3次施用,其施用比例对于处理CRF(基施缓控释复合肥)为8∶0∶2,对于处理CF(基施复合肥)和OCF(基施有机无机复混肥)为5∶3∶2。结果表明,两优1208作为再生稻用种,全生育期为156~157 d;通过观测不同施肥处理下水稻叶面积指数、SPAD值和干物质积累发现,基施复合肥可促进头季稻前期至中期生长,基施缓控释复合肥可促进头季稻后期和再生稻的生长,基施有机无机复混肥可促进再生季水稻生长。In view of the prominent problem that ratoon rice pattern based upon early rice is unfavorable for planting winter crops in Jianghan Plain,the study on fertilization and efficiency improvement of ratoon rice pattern based upon medium rice can provide scientific basis for improving land use efficiency.The rice variety Liangyou 1208 was used as the experimental material.Fertilization treatments were carried out for the first season rice.The application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer without nitrogen fertilizer was taken as the control(CK),and three application combinations of base fertilizer and top dressing were set up.The total available nutrients of each treatment were the same(N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O=120-63-135 kg/hm^(2)).Potassium fertilizer was applied as base fertilizer and panicle fertilizer with the equal amounts,and nitrogen fertilizer was applied as base fertilizer,tillering fertilizer and panicle fertilizer which had different proportions when they were applied into paddy field.The application ratio of N fertilizer as base fertilizer,tillering fertilizer and panicle fertilizer was 8∶0∶2 for CRF(controlled release fertilizer was used as base fertilizer)and 5∶3∶2 for CF(compound fertilizer was used as base fertilizer)and OCF(organic-inorganic compound fertilizer was used as basic fertilizer).The results showed that the whole growth period of Liangyou 1208 was 156~157 days.By observing leaf area index,SPAD and dry matter accumulation of rice under different fertilization treatments,it was found that compound fertilizer could promote the growth of first-season rice from its early stage to middle stage,controlled release fertilization could promote the growth of first-season rice in its late stage and the growth of ratoon rice,and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer could promote the growth of rice in regenerating season.

关 键 词：肥源 再生稻 生长 产量 江汉平原 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]