COVID-19流行期间上海单中心儿童肺炎支原体和沙眼衣原体感染流行病学研究  

Epidemiological study of mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia trachomatis infection in a single center in Shanghai during the COVID-19 pandemic

作　　者：徐梦华 柳鹏程 卢丽娟 苏犁云 曹凌峰 徐锦 XU Menghua;LIU Pengcheng;LU Lijuan;SU Liyun;CAO Lingfeng;XU Jin(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Children's Hospital of Fudan University,Shanghai 201102,China;Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属儿科医院临床检验中心,上海201102 [2]上海市重大传染病和生物安全研究院,上海200032

出　　处：《中国循证儿科杂志》2022年第4期290-295,共6页Chinese Journal of Evidence Based Pediatrics

基　　金：复旦大学附属儿科医院重点发展项目:EK2022ZX05。

摘　　要：背景新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情发生以来中国政府采取了一系列防控措施,在有效遏制COVID-19疫情蔓延的同时对其他常见呼吸道病原的流行产生了影响。目的分析COVID-19流行期间儿童急性呼吸道感染(ARTI)肺炎支原体(Mp)和沙眼衣原体(CT)的流行病学特征。设计观察性研究。方法2019年2月1日至2021年5月31日于复旦大学附属儿科医院(我院)诊断为ARTI并行Mp、CT和9种常见呼吸道病毒检测的数据,分为单一病原体感染(仅检出Mp或CT)和混合感染(Mp+CT,Mp或CT+9种常见呼吸道病毒中任意1种及以上,Mp+CT+9种常见呼吸道病毒中任意1种及以上)。呼吸道样本(鼻咽部抽吸物/肺泡灌洗液)采集和检测均在我院完成。①COVID-19疫情前(简称疫情前):2019年2月1日至2020年1月31日,不主动实施COVID-19疫情防控措施;②COVID-19疫情中(简称疫情中):2020年2月1日至2020年5月31日,COVID-19疫情大流行全国范围内严格实施非药物干预措施(NPI),学校停课;③COVID-19疫情后(简称疫情后):2020年6月1日至2021年5月31日,COVID-19疫情防控常态化阶段,NPI措施有所放松,学校重新复课,社会复工复产。对纳入的病原体样本,根据当次诊断ARTI时患儿年龄分为≤28 d、~12月、~3岁、~6岁和≥7岁。主要结局指标COVID-19流行期间Mp、CT流行病学。结果10358份因ARTI行呼吸道病原体检测的样本纳入本文分析,其中疫情前、中和后分别为6080份、754份和3524份,疫情后较前病原体送检率下降42.04%[(6080-3524)/6080×100%]。男6138例,女4220例。Mp总检出率12.39%,疫情前、中、后呈陡然下降趋势,疫情后较前Mp检出率下降96.29%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。CT总检出率为1.45%,疫情前、中、后呈上升趋势,疫情后较前阶段检出率上升65.49%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.003)。单纯Mp或CT检出率10.84%,疫情后较前Mp检出率下降96.05%、CT检出率上升119.70%,差异均有统计学意义。混合感�Background Soon after the emergence of community transmission of COVID-19,the Chinese government has introduced a series of non-pharmaceutical interventions(NPI)to eliminate COVID-19 and these NPIS have already affected the prevalence of other common respiratory pathogens.Objective This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mycoplasma pneumoniae(Mp)and chlamydia trachomatis(CT)of acute respiratory infections(ARTI)in children during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design Observational study.Methods Respiratory specimens for the detection of Mp,CT and other 9 common respiratory viruses were collected from children with ARTI at Children's Hospital of Fudan University from February 2019 to May 2021.The detection data were divided into the group of single pathogen infection(only Mp and CT were detected)and coinfection(Mp+CT,Mp or CT+any one or more of 9 common respiratory viruses and Mp+CT+one or more of 9 common respiratory viruses).Respiratory specimens(nasopharyngeal aspirates/bronchoalveolar lavage fluid)were collected and tested in our hospital.a.Three satages were compared including"pre-COVID-19"period:from February 1,2019 to January 31,2020,without actively implemented nationwide NPI;b."COVID-19"period,from February 1,2020 to May 31,2020,when strict nationwide NPI were implemented and schools were closed;c."post-COVID-19"period,from June 1,2020 to May 31,2021,when nationwide NPI were relaxed,schools were reopened and social work was resumed.All the enrolled samples were divided into 5 age groups:≤28 days,~12 months,~3 years,~6 years and≥7 years according to the age at the time of ARTI diagnosis.Main outcome measures The epidemiological changes of Mp and CT during the COVID-19 pandemic.Results A total of 10358 specimens tested for respiratory pathogens were enrolled in this analysis,including 6080 in the pre-COVID-19 period,754 in the COVID-19 period and 3524 in the post-COVID-19 period.The total number decreased by 42.04%[(6080-3524)/6080]during post-COVID-19 when compared to pre-COVID-19.Amon

关 键 词：急性呼吸道感染 肺炎支原体 沙眼衣原体 流行病学 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]