医疗保险、医药创新与经济发展——基于美国公私保险的比较分析  

Health Insurance,Medical Innovation and Economic Development:Based on a Comparative Analysis of Public and Private Insurance in the United States

作　　者：康蕊 朱恒鹏[2] 洪凌华 Kang Rui;Zhu Hengpeng;Hong Linghua(National Institute of Social Development,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing;Institute of Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing;School of International Relations&Public Affairs,Fudan University,Shanghai)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院社会发展战略研究院 [2]中国社会科学院经济研究所 [3]复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院

出　　处：《经济社会体制比较》2022年第4期155-166,共12页Comparative Economic & Social Systems

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“医养结合养老服务模式的治理体系研究”(项目编号:20CRK012);北京市社会科学基金重点项目“PPP模式下首都养老服务资源配置研究”(项目编号:19YJA005)。

摘　　要：文章基于2004~2017年美国联邦医疗保险和医疗援助计划、商业医疗保险和640家医药企业的数据,考察医疗保险通过推动医药创新来促进经济发展的程度,以及不同类型医疗保险的调节效应。研究发现:医疗保险对经济发展具有正向影响,商业医疗保险较政府办医保的经济效应更强;医药创新是医疗保险影响经济发展的途径之一;在医疗保险类型对医药创新的调节效应中,第一阶段“医疗保险—医药创新”中商业医疗保险的激励效应更强,第二阶段“医药创新—经济增长”中的差异不大,可见其主要贡献来自商业医疗保险对医药创新的促进作用。对我国的启示是:未来应充分认识到商业医疗保险对医药创新的积极作用,通过开发中高收入群体的商业医疗保险市场,带动医药产业发展并进一步推动经济发展。Based on the data of Medicare and Medicaid,private health insurance and 640 pharmaceutical enterprises in the United States(2004-2017),this paper investigates the mediating effect of medical innovation on the path of health insurance affecting economic development,as well as the adjustment effect of insurance nature.The study finds that:health insurance has a positive impact on economic development,and private health insurance has a stronger economic effect than public health insurance;medical innovation is the mediator in the path of medical insurance affecting economic development;in the adjustment effects of insurance nature on medical innovation,the incentive effect of private health insurance in the first stage“health insurance to medical innovation”is stronger,while the difference in the second stage“medical innovation to economic growth”is not significant,indicating that the main contribution comes from the promoting effect of private health insurance on medical innovation.The relevance for China is that:we should fully recognize the positive role of private health insurance in medical innovation in the future and further promote economic development by developing the private insurance market for middle-and-high income groups.

关 键 词：商业医疗保险 医药创新 经济发展 中介效应 

分 类 号：C913.7[经济管理]