民航飞行员颈动脉超声检查情况调查分析  

Nvestigation and Analysis of Carotid Artery Ultrasonography in Civil Aviation Pilots

作　　者：沈秋育 郑进科 高捷 赵学军 任斌 SHEN Qiuyu;ZHENG Jinke;GAO Jie(Civil Aviation Shanghai Hospital,Shanghai 200336,China)

机构地区：[1]民航上海医院,上海200336

出　　处：《航空航天医学杂志》2022年第8期901-904,共4页Journal of Aerospace medicine

摘　　要：目的 了解民航上海地区飞行员颈动脉斑块形成和颈动脉内中膜增厚的检出情况,回顾和学习颈动脉超声检查的意义、体检鉴定的医学标准。方法 从民航上海地区选取年满40周岁男性飞行员1 080例健康体检的颈动脉超声检查结果,按年龄分组(40-49岁、≥50岁)、按是否合并危险因素(高血压、空腹血糖受损或糖耐量异常或糖尿病、总胆固醇或甘油三脂或低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平高于参考值上限、肥胖)情况分组进行统计分析。结果 共检出异常者143例,其中颈动脉斑块形成126例,颈动脉内中膜增厚17例;颈动脉斑块形成伴有一项及以上危险因素者57例,颈动脉内中膜增厚伴有一项及以上危险因素者9例。≥50岁组颈动脉斑块形成、颈动脉内中膜增厚检出率高于40-49岁组,差异显著性有统计学意义,而伴有危险因素组颈动脉斑块形成、颈动脉内膜增厚检出率与不伴有危险因素组差异显著性没有统计学意义。结论 颈动脉斑块形成、颈动脉内中膜增厚发生的几率随年龄增长而增加,与是否伴危险因素的相关性不显著;颈动脉超声检查结合危险因素,参考次级量运动负荷心电图检查对飞行员动脉硬化相关疾病的体检鉴定有重要意义。Objective To investigate the detection of carotid plaque formation and carotid intima-media thickening in civil aviation pilots in Shanghai area,and to review and learn the significance of carotid ultrasound examination and medical standards for physical examination and identification.Methods 1080 male pilots over 40 years old were selected from Shanghai area of civil aviation.The results of carotid ultrasound examination were divided into groups according to age(40-49 years old,≥50 years old),risk factors(hypertension,impaired fasting blood glucose or impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes,total cholesterol or triglyceride or low density lipoprotein cholesterol level higher than the upper limit of reference value,obesity) Patients were divided into two groups for statistical analysis.Results 143 abnormal cases were detected,including 126 cases of carotid plaque formation,17 cases of carotid intima-media thickening;57 cases of carotid plaque formation with one or more risk factors,9 cases of carotid intima-media thickening with one or more risk factors.The detection rate of carotid plaque formation and carotid intima-media thickening in≥50 years old group was higher than that in 40-49 years old group,difference was statistically significant,while the detection rate of carotid plaque formation and carotid intima-media thickening in risk factors group was not statistically significant.Conclusions Incidence of carotid plaque formation and carotid intima-media thickening increases with age,and there is no significant correlation with risk factors;carotid ultrasound combined with risk factors,reference to secondary exercise load ECG examination is of great significance for physical examination and identification of atherosclerosis related diseases in pilots.

关 键 词：颈动脉斑块形成 颈动脉内中膜增厚 年龄 危险因素 体检鉴定 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]