疫情防控常态下北京市3~6岁幼儿居家身体活动和体质现状分析及对策研究  

Current Situation Analysis of Physical Activity at Home and Physique of 3~6 Years Old Children in Beijing under the Normalization of Epidemic Prevention and Control

作　　者：胡鑫 宾晓亮 姜桂萍[3] HU Xin;BIN Xiaoliang;JIANG Guiping(Nanjing Sport Institute,Nanjing 210033,China;Kindergarten of Peking University School of Medicine,Beijing 100191,China;College of Physical Education and Sport of Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]南京体育学院运动训练学院,江苏南京210033 [2]北京大学医学部幼儿园,北京100191 [3]北京师范大学体育与运动学院,北京100084

出　　处：《南京体育学院学报》2022年第9期52-56,共5页Journal of Nanjing Sports Institute

基　　金：国家社会科学基金2020年教育学一般项目(20BTY070)。

摘　　要：目的:定性定量分析新冠肺炎疫情防控常态下北京市3~6岁幼儿居家身体活动和体质现状分析,并提出相应对策。方法:从北京市4类区域各抽取3所公立幼儿园,对其家长实施问卷调查,并对其中70名大班幼儿进行体质测试。结果:疫情防控常态下,北京市3~6岁幼儿体重均显著性增加(P<0.05),BMI指数和肥胖检出率男童显著大于女童(P<0.05)。居家身体活动形式82.6%为非结构化活动,活动量、活动强度达标率为57.2%、10.8%,视屏时间达标率为31.8%,且男童视屏时间显著长于女童(x~2=4.82,P<0.05)。下肢力量、灵敏、平衡和协调素质方面大班幼儿均表现出显著性下降(P<0.05)。结论:疫情防控常态下,北京市3~6岁幼儿肥胖检出率上升,尤其是男童。居家身体活动量和强度不同程度地下降,身体素质下滑。为此建议通过家园共育合作的方式,引导幼儿爱运动、大运动和有效运动。Objective:To qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the physical activity current situation of 3-6 years old children at home in Beijing under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control,and provide countermeasures.Methods:3 public kindergarten was selected from each of the four areas in Beijing,and questionnaire was conducted for their parents,and 70 children came from large class for physical fitness.Results:Under the normal state of epidemic prevention and control,the weight of 3-6-year-old children increased significantly(P<0.05),the BMI index and the detection rate of obesity of boys were significantly higher than girls(P<0.05).82.6% of physical activities at home were unstructured activities,the activities rate of volume and intensity was 57.2% and 10.8%,the rate of the screen time was 31.8%,and the time for boys was significantly longer than girls(x~2=4.82,P<0.05).The lower limb strength,agility,balance and coordination of large class children were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control,the detection rate of obesity in 3~6-year-old children in Beijing has increased,especially for male children,the amount and intensity of physical activity at home have declined to varying degrees,and physical fitness has declined.For this reason,it is recommended to guide children to exercise more,move more and exercise more effectively through the way of home education and cooperation.

关 键 词：疫情防控常态 3~6岁幼儿 身体形态 身体素质 对策 

分 类 号：G807.1[文化科学—体育训练]