污水有机物结构改善型初沉池技术研究进展  

Research progress of improved primary sedimentationtank for organic matter structure in sewage

作　　者：祝磊[1,2] 郑兴灿[3] 李圭白 殷益明[2] 孙永利[3] ZHU Lei;ZHENG Xing-can;LI Gui-bai;YIN Yi-ming;SUN Yong-li(State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Water Environment,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China;Jiangsu Yihuan Group Co.,Ltd.,Yixing 214206,China;North China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300070,China)

机构地区：[1]城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室(哈尔滨工业大学),黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [2]江苏一环集团有限公司,江苏宜兴214206 [3]中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司,天津300070

出　　处：《应用化工》2022年第8期2416-2420,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1906504);江苏省产学研合作项目(BY2021145)。

摘　　要：氮磷高效去除是城镇污水处理行业面临的新挑战,脱氮除磷所需碳源不足是最根本原因,传统的初沉池在去除无机泥砂和不可生物降解颗粒物的同时,也会吸附携带大量有机物,进一步加剧碳源不足问题,因此有些学者建议取消初沉池。但我国大部分城镇污水处理厂同时存在无机组分含量过高的问题,无初沉池的污水处理系统,意味着会有更多的污泥组分进入后续生物单元,在池体内形成沉积物或对设备造成磨损,导致整体效能低下,成为排水行业重大的技术难题。开发有机无机组分分离效果好,并对进水有机物结构具有改善作用的新型初沉池系统,成为行业新的技术发展方向。目前国内在三个方面开展了工程性研究:(1)以回流污泥淘洗为核心技术的活性初沉池技术;(2)集悬浮物质分离、初沉污泥发酵、絮凝沉淀于一体的初沉发酵池技术;(3)以平流式初沉池为主体,耦合机械搅拌的APT工艺技术。新型初沉池既可以有效截留SS,也可以提高出水SCOD含量,越来越受到行业的认可和重视。High-efficiency removal of nitrogen and phosphorus is a new challenge facing the wastewater treatment industry,for which the insufficient carbon source is the most fundamental reason.While the traditional primary sedimentation tank removes inorganic gravel and non-biodegradable particulate matter,it also adsorbs a large amount of organic matter,which further exacerbates the carbon source shortage.Therefore,it is recommended to cancel the primary sedimentation tank in recent years.However,most wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)also have excessively high inorganic components.More sludge components will enter the subsequent biological units in the sewage treatment systems without primary sedimentation tanks,which allow the formation of sediment inside the tank and will cause equipment loss,resulting in low overall efficiency.This has become a major technical problem in the drainage industry.The development of a new type of primary sedimentation tank system that exhibits good separation effect of organic and inorganic components and improved structure of influent organic matter has become a new technological direction.At present,engineering research has been carried out in three aspects:(1)Active primary sedimentation tank technology with return sludge elutriation as the core technology;(2)primary sedimentation fermentation tank technology integrating separation of suspended matter,primary sedimentation sludge fermentation,and flocculation and sedimentation;(3)APT process technology with advection primary sedimentation tank as the main body coupled with mechanical stirring.SS can be effectively removed by the new primary sedimentation tank,and the SCOD content of the effluent is also increased through treatment,which makes the primary sedimentation tank highly recognized and valued by WWTPs.

关 键 词：生活污水 初沉池 碳源回收 颗粒有机物 

分 类 号：TQ085[化学工程] X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]