自动机械分散密度计法测定土壤机械组成  

Determination of soil mechanical composition by hydrometer method with automatic mechanical dispersion

作　　者：张尼 周团坤 张莹 姚谷敏 ZHANG Ni;ZHOU Tuan-kun;ZHANG Ying;YAO Gu-min(Xi’an Northwest Geological Institute for Nonferrous Metals Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安西北有色地质研究院有限公司,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《应用化工》2022年第8期2470-2472,2482,共4页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：2021年陕西省重点研发计划(2021GY-169);2019年自然资源标准制修订计划(TC93-33)。

摘　　要：利用自主研制的自动机械分散装置,建立了用于密度计法测定土壤机械组成的分析方法。研究了自动分散装置搅拌片触底、搅拌片液面高度、自动分散频次和时间对土壤机械组成的影响。结果表明,在触底搅拌、频次大于50次/min和搅拌片上提距液面2 cm的最优条件下,对14种土壤样品的土壤机械组成测定。结果显示,各土壤粒级测定结果的极差满足环保标准平行样差值合格率为97%,并优于人工法的74%的合格率;测定结果的标准偏差满足ISO标准规定的合格率,本方法与人工法分别是98%和70%。该方法提高了土壤机械组成测定方法的准确度以及分析效率,降低了人工操作导致的高复查率,节约了试剂损耗,降低了人力成本。An analytical method for determination of soil mechanical composition by hydrometer using a self-developed automatic mechanical dispersion device was established.The effects of the bottom touching of the stirring plate,the height of the stirring blade from the liquid surface,the frequency and time of automatic dispersion on soil mechanical composition were studied.The result showed that under the optimal conditions including touching the bottom,the frequency of 50 cycle/min and the height of 2 cm,the soil mechanical composition of 14 soil samples was determined.The results showed that the qualified rate of the parallel sample difference was 97%,which was better than that of the artificial method(74%).The standard deviation of the determination results meets the qualification rate stipulated by ISO standard,which is 98%and 70%respectively by this method and manual method.This method improves the accuracy and efficiency of soil mechanical composition determination,reduces the high recheck rate caused by manual operation,saves reagent loss and reduces labor cost.

关 键 词：自动分散 土壤机械组成 密度计法 土壤粒度 土壤质地 

分 类 号：TQ110.7[化学工程—无机化工] TQ421.9[建筑科学—岩土工程] TU414[建筑科学—土工工程]