不同竹种对淹水胁迫的生理响应  

Physiological responses and comprehensive evaluation of different bamboo species under waterlogging stress

作　　者：曹志华[1,2] 吴中能 刘俊龙[1] 苗婷婷[1] 孙慧[1] 闫彩霞 CAO Zhihua;WU Zhongneng;LIU Junlong;MIAO Tingting;SUN Hui;YAN Caixia(Anhui Academy of Forestry,Hefei 230031,Anhui,China;Anhui Shahe Forest Breeding National Long-term Scientific Research Base,Chuzhou 239004,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省林业科学研究院,安徽合肥230031 [2]安徽沙河林木育种国家长期科研基地,安徽滁州239004

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2022年第8期1-14,共14页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0600102);“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD23B0503);中央财政林业科技推广项目(皖[2019]TG12号)。

摘　　要：【目的】比较不同竹种的耐湿性,筛选耐湿性较强的优良竹种用于沿江滩涂地和湿地造林。【方法】以水竹、灰水竹、阔叶箬竹、皖紫竹2号、金镶玉、皖紫竹1号、斑苦竹、红哺鸡竹、淡竹、黄古竹、早园竹等11个竹种的两年生母竹移栽苗为材料,研究了不同淹水处理60 d内不同竹种形态与生理指标的响应,并采用主成分分析结合隶属函数法对11个竹种的耐湿性进行了评价。【结果】淹水处理下,11个竹种的形态均发生了明显变化,包括叶片黄化、新发竹和母竹死亡等。从外部形态看,11个竹种之间差异明显。在生理指标方面,淹水处理显著降低了11个竹种叶片的叶绿素a(Chl a)含量、净光合速率(P_(n))、气孔导度(G_(s))、PSⅡ最大光化学量子产量(F_(v)/F_(m)),显著提高了叶片的丙二醛(MDA)含量。随着淹水时间的延长和淹水程度的加剧,这些指标的变化幅度逐渐加大。分析结果显示,生理指标在11个竹种中的变化幅度存在显著差异,表明11个竹种受到淹水胁迫的伤害有所不同。【结论】采用主成分分析法,5个单项指标集约于2个主成分,累计贡献率为0.963。通过隶属函数D值综合评价不同竹种耐湿能力的强弱顺序为水竹>灰水竹>金镶玉>阔叶箬竹>斑苦竹>皖紫竹2号>皖紫竹1号>红哺鸡竹>黄古竹>淡竹>早园竹。【Objective】By comparing the waterlogging resistance of different bamboo species,the excellent bamboo species were selected for beach land and low wetland afforestation along the river.【Method】The two-year-old transplanted mother bamboo of Phllostachys heteroclada,Phllostachys platyglossa,Indocalamus latifolius,Phllostachys nigra’wanzizhu2’,Phllostachys aureosulcata f.spectabilis,Phllostachys nigra’wanzizhu1’,Plieioblaslus maculatus,Phllostachys iridescens,Phllostachys glauca,Phllostachys angusta and Phllostachys propinqua were adopted as the materials in the study,and their morphological and physiological responses to partial submergence treatment were investigated within 60 days.Meanwhile,their waterlogging resistance was evaluated by the main component analysis and subordinate function method analysis.【Result】The morphology of eleven bamboo species showed significant changes under the waterlogging stress,including leaf yellowing,and the death of new and mother bamboo.There were significant morphological differences among the eleven bamboo species.In terms of physiological indicators,many parameters of the eleven bamboo species were significantly decreased,including Chlorophyll a(Chl a),leaf gas exchange net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),stomatal conductivity(G_(s))and the fluorescence maximum photochemical quantum yield(F_(v)/F_(m))under waterlogging stress.Meanwhile,the malonaldehyde(MDA)content was significantly increased.With the prolongation of flooding time,the variation range of these indexes increased gradually.The variable rates of the above parameters caused by flooding significantly varied among the eleven bamboo species,which indicated that they suffered different damages from waterlogging stress.【Conclusion】The principal component analysis indicated that the 5 indices were concentrated in 2 principal components,and the accumulative contribution rate was 0.963.A comprehensive evaluation of the waterlogging resistance has been given based on the value of subordinate function analy

关 键 词：竹种 耐湿 主成分分析 隶属函数法 综合评价 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]