基于荧光光谱分析秸秆深埋还田黑土剖面DOC组分结构变化特征  

Analysis of DOC Component Structure of Black Soil Profile With Straw Deeply Bried and Based on Fluorescence Spectrum

作　　者：匡恩俊 迟凤琴 张久明 徐明岗[2] Gilles Colinet 宿庆瑞 郝小雨 朱宝国[4] KUANG En-jun;CHI Feng-qin;ZHANG Jiu-ming;XU Ming-gang;Gilles Colinet;SU Qing-rui;HAO Xiao-yu;ZHU Bao-guo(Heilongjiang Academy of Black Soil Conservation&Utilization,The Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Plant Nutrition of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150086,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Department of Biosystems Engineering(BIOSE),Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech of Universitéde Liège,Jean Bru,Belgium;Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiamusi 154007,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省黑土保护利用研究院,黑龙江省土壤环境与植物营养重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081 [3]Department of Biosystems Engineering(BIOSE),Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech of Universitéde Liège,Jean Bru,Belgium [4]黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院,黑龙江佳木斯154007

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2022年第10期3243-3248,共6页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1500202);科技支撑黑河市绿色农业发展合作项目(KJTG-2019-02HH-03);黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”项目(HNK2019CX13)资助。

摘　　要：以黑土为研究对象,分析不同深度玉米秸秆还田(0~2,3~10,11~20,21~30和31~40 cm)后可溶性有机碳(DOC)的荧光特性差异,探讨秸秆深还田后腐殖化程度的变化特征。结果表明:秸秆还田可提高土壤DOC的含量。三维荧光光谱特征表明,土壤DOC的荧光组分均为2种,CK~T4处理分别为类腐殖质物质组分(Ex/Em=250~275/455 nm)和类色氨酸物质组分(Ex/Em=225~237/340~350 nm),而T5处理分别为类腐殖质物质组分(Ex/Em=250~275/455 nm)和类酪氨酸物质组分(Ex/Em=225/304 nm),还田31~40 cm深度有较小的自生成分,且腐殖化系数最高。土壤DOC组分C1的荧光强度有随着秸秆还田深度的加深而增大的趋势,C2组分则呈波动性的状态,荧光强度先增强再减弱。土壤DOC受自生源和外生源共同作用(FI>1.4,0.6<BIX<0.8),呈现弱腐殖化的状态(HIX<1.0),各处理FI的值均在1.4~1.6之间,说明土壤中DOC主要来源于秸秆还田后经过微生物分解作用而产生新的DOC。各处理的FI值以秸秆还田21~30 cm深度略高。相关分析表明,土壤深度、秸秆还田及二者的互作对DOC及其组分的影响均为极显著水平。土壤DOC借助于土壤中土著微生物的作用提高,加快了土壤腐殖质物质间的转化速度。秸秆深还田可以储存更多的碳,改善土壤有效碳库的质量,维持土壤有机碳保持平衡。Taking black soil as the research object,the difference in the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum of soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC)after returning maize straw to the field at different soil depths(0~2,3~10,11~20,21~30 and 31~40 cm)were analyzed.The change characteristics of humification degree of maize straw return to deep soil were discussed.The results showed that straw return could increase the content of soil DOC.The characteristics of three-dimensional fluorescence spectra showed that there were two kinds of fluorescence components of soil DOC.CK~T4 treatments were humus like components(Ex/Em=250~275/455 nm)and tryptophan like components(Ex/Em=225~237/340~350 nm),while T5 treatment was humus-like components(250~275/455 nm)and tyrosine like components(Ex/Em=225/304 nm),there were small authigenic components at a depth of 31~40 cm,and the humification coefficient was the highest.The fluorescence intensity of soil DOC component C1 increased with the deepening of straw returning depth,while the C2 component showed a fluctuating state,and the fluorescence intensity increased first and then decreased.Soil DOC was affected by both endogenous and exogenous sources(FI>1.4,0.6<BIX<0.8),showing a state of weak humification(HIX<1.0),and the FI values of each treatment were between 1.4 and 1.6,indicating that the main source of DOC in soil was the microbial decomposition of straw after returning to the field.The FI value of each treatment was slightly higher at a depth of 21~30 cm.Correlation analysis showed that the effects of soil depth,straw return,and their interaction on DOC and its components were very significant.With the help of indigenous microorganisms in the soil,soil DOC improves and speeds up the transformation of soil humus.Straw returning can store more carbon,improve the quality of soil available carbon pool,and maintain the balance of soil organic carbon.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 土壤深度 土壤DOC 三维荧光光谱 PARAFAC分析 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]