坡位和坡度对黑木相思人工林土壤养分空间分布的影响  

Effects of Slope Position and Gradient on Spatial Distribution of Soil Nutrients in Acacia melanoxylon Plantation

作　　者：赵文东 李凯 沈健 朱传晟 林熙 何宗明[2] 丁国昌[3] Zhao Wendong;Li Kai;Shen Jian;Zhu Chuansheng;Lin Xi;He Zongming;Ding Guochang(Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福州350002 [2]福建农林大学,福州350002 [3]福建农林大学艺术园林学院,福州350002

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2022年第9期78-84,104,共8页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：福建省种苗科技攻关项目(闽财指[2016]250)。

摘　　要：以福建省福清灵石国有林场的黑木相思(Acacia melanoxylon R.Br.)人工林地为研究对象,采集不同坡位(上坡、中坡、下坡)和不同坡度(12°<α≤18°、18°<α≤24°、24°<α≤31°)的土壤样品,测定其pH、全碳质量分数(w(TC))、全氮质量分数(w(TN))、碳氮比(w(C)∶w(N))、全钾质量分数(w(TK))、全磷质量分数(w(TP))、水解氮质量分数(w(AN))、速效钾质量分数(w(AK))、有效磷质量分数(w(AP)),分析坡位、坡度及其交互作用对土壤养分空间分布特征的影响。结果表明:试验地各项指标变异系数(C_(v))由大到小依次为C_(v)(有效磷质量分数)、C_(v)(速效钾质量分数)、C_(v)(水解氮质量分数)、C_(v)(全氮质量分数)、C_(v)(全磷质量分数)=C_(v)(全碳质量分数)、C_(v)(碳氮比(w(C)∶w(N)))、C_(v)(全钾质量分数)、C_(v)(pH)。①单因素方差分析结果,土壤养分受坡位和坡度影响显著,坡位对土壤养分各项指标的影响由大到小依次为下坡位、中坡位、上坡位,坡度对土壤养分各项指标的影响由大到小依次为12°<α≤18°、18°<α≤24°、24°<α≤31°,但坡位和坡度对pH、全磷质量分数的影响不显著。在垂直方向,随着土壤层的加深,各项指标整体呈明显的下降趋势。皮尔逊(Pearson)相关性分析结果,坡位,与全氮质量分数、全钾质量分数、速效钾质量分数呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与全碳质量分数呈显著正相关(P<0.05);而坡度,与pH、全氮质量分数、全碳质量分数、全钾质量分数、全磷质量分数、水解氮质量分数、速效钾质量分数、有效磷质量分数呈现不同程度的负相关,与全碳质量分数、全氮质量分数呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。②双因素方差分析结果,坡位和坡度的交互作用,对全碳质量分数、全氮质量分数、碳氮比(w(C)∶w(N))影响显著。In order to explore the effect of slope position and slope gradient on the spatial distribution of soil nutrients in Acacia melanoxylon plantation,soil samples were collected from different slope positions(upper slope position,middle slope position,down slope position)and different slopes(12°<α≤18°,18°<α≤24°,24°<α≤31°)in the state-owned forest farm of Fuqing,Fujian Province.The pH,w(TC),w(TN),w(C)∶w(N)),w(TK),w(TP),w(AN),w(AK)and w(AP)were determined.The effects of slope position,slope and their interaction on the spatial distribution of soil nutrients were analyzed.The results showed that the coefficient of variation(C_(v))of each index from large to small was C_(v)(w(AP)),C_(v)(w(AK)),C_(v)(w(AN)),C_(v)(w(TN)),C_(v)(w(TP))=C_(v)(w(TC)),C_(v)((w(C)∶w(N)),C_(v)(w(TK)),and C_(v)(pH).The results of univariate analysis of variance showed that soil nutrients were significantly affected by slope position and slope,and the effects of slope position on soil nutrient indexes were down slope position,middle slope position and upper slope position,and the effects of slope position on soil nutrient indexes were 12°<α≤18°,18°<α≤24°and 24°<α≤31°,respectively,but the effects of slope position and slope on pH and total phosphorus were not significant.In the vertical direction,with the deepening of the soil layer,the indicators showed an obvious downward trend as a whole.The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that slope position was significantly positively correlated with total nitrogen,total potassium and available potassium,and positively correlated with total carbon(P<0.05).The slope was negatively correlated with pH,total nitrogen,total carbon,total potassium,total phosphorus,hydrolyzed nitrogen,available potassium and available phosphorus,and significantly negatively correlated with total carbon and total nitrogen.The results of two-factor analysis of variance showed that the interaction between slope position and slope had significant influence on total carbon mass fraction,to

关 键 词：黑木相思 人工林 土壤养分 土壤理化性质 坡位 坡度 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]