旋转喷吹与传统喷吹铁水包内气液两相流行为对比  

Comparison of gas-liquid two phases flow behavior in hot metal ladle between rotary injection and traditional injection

作　　者：王鑫 郑淑国 朱苗勇 WANG Xin;ZHENG Shuguo;ZHU Miaoyong(School of Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学冶金学院,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《炼钢》2022年第5期23-30,共8页Steelmaking

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974079,52174310)。

摘　　要：为提高喷吹式铁水预脱硫过程的脱硫效率,以某厂180 t铁水包为基础,建立了铁水包内气液两相流模型,系统对比了旋转喷吹与传统喷吹铁水预脱硫过程的气泡分布、液相流动特性和混匀行为。结果表明:喷枪实现旋转后,气泡在喷枪周围螺旋上升,并分散在喷枪周围,从而两相区内气体体积分数较小。在Y=3.5 m平面上,气体体积分数的峰值从传统喷吹时的0.087降至旋转喷吹时的0.081。旋转喷吹下两相区内的气相速度小于传统喷吹下的气相速度。铁水包内气体总体积从传统喷吹时的0.107 m~3增至旋转喷吹时的0.111 m~3,增加约3.7%。采用旋转喷吹,虽两相区内液相速度和湍动能均减小,但受气泡驱动的铁水区域增加,同时液相速度和湍动能在铁水包内分布较为均匀,增强了溶质的传输速率。铁水包内的混匀时间由传统喷吹时的107.3 s降至旋转喷吹时的100.1 s,混匀时间减少约6.7%。工业试验后发现,旋转喷吹较传统喷吹脱硫率提升2.6个百分点,镁粉和钙粉消耗分别降低约5.6%和5.9%。To improve the desulfurization efficiency of hot metal pre-desulfurization process with injection method, a gas-liquid two phases flow model was established based on 180 t hot metal ladle. The bubble distribution, liquid flow characteristics and mixing behavior in hot metal pre-desulfurization process of rotary injection and traditional injection were systematically compared. The results show that after the submerged lance is rotated, the bubbles spiral up and disperse around the lance, so that the gas volume fraction in two phases region is smaller. On the plane of Y=3.5 m, the peak value of gas volume fraction decreases from 0.087 in traditional injection to 0.081 in rotary injection. The gas velocity in rotary injection is smaller than that in traditional injection in two phases region. The gas total volume in hot metal ladle increases from 0.107 m~3 in traditional injection to 0.111 m~3 in rotary injection, which increases by about 3.7 %. When the rotary injection is applied, although the liquid velocity and turbulent kinetic energy in two phases region decrease, the hot metal region driven by bubbles increases. Meanwhile, the liquid velocity and turbulent kinetic energy are evenly distributed in hot metal ladle, which enhances the solute transport rate. In addition, the mixing time in hot metal ladle reduces from 107.3 s in traditional injection to 100.1 s in rotary injection, which decreases by about 6.7 %. The industrial trial shows that, compared with traditional injection, the desulfurization rate increases 2.6 percentage points, and the consumption of magnesium powder and calcium powder decrease by about 5.6 % and 5.9 % respectively in rotary injection.

关 键 词：铁水包 旋转喷吹 传统喷吹 数值模拟 气液两相流 

分 类 号：TF704.3[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]