基于生药学与药用植物亲缘学的“巴沙嘎”类蒙古族药品种整理  

Mongolian Medicinal Herb Bashaga: Variety Systematization Based on Pharmacognosy and Pharmacophylogeny

作　　者：周保昌 刘一波 高原 毕雅琼 晓花 李旻辉 肖培根[6] ZHOU Bao-chang;LIU Yi-bo;GAO Yuan;BI Ya-qiong;XIAO Hua;LI Min-hui;XIAO Pei-gen(Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010110,China;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Hohhot 010020,China;Inner Mongolia Institute of Traditional Chinese and Mongolian Medicine,Hohhot 010010,China;Hulunbuir Mongolian Medical Hospital,Hulunbuir 021008,China;Baotou Medical College,Baotou 014040,China;Institute of Medicinal Plant Development,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010110 [2]内蒙古自治区中医医院,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [3]内蒙古自治区中蒙医药研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [4]呼伦贝尔市蒙医医院,内蒙古呼伦贝尔021008 [5]包头医学院,内蒙古包头014040 [6]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《中国现代中药》2022年第9期1693-1700,共8页Modern Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFE0190100);国家自然科学基金项目(81874336,30530860)。

摘　　要：“巴沙嘎”类蒙古族药(以下简称蒙药)药用历史悠久,疗效显著,是蒙古族医学常用药之一。由于内蒙古各地区传承有异,“巴沙嘎”类蒙药同名异物现象严重,临床用药品种混乱。通过归纳整理“巴沙嘎”类蒙药的传统疗效、性味、化学成分、药理作用发现,“巴沙嘎”类蒙药的传统疗效主要为清热解毒,性味以苦、寒为主。其大部分含有黄酮类、有机酸类、生物碱类、挥发油类化学成分,具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗微生物的药理作用。将“巴沙嘎”类蒙药的复方制剂-传统疗效-性味-化学成分-药理作用进行创新性结合,多学科研究结果横向关联,并在其基础上初步探讨了“巴沙嘎”类蒙药的亲缘学关系,以期为“巴沙嘎”类蒙药的品种整理提供思路和方法。Bashaga, a medicinal herb with remarkable therapeutic effect, has a long history of being used in Mongolian medicine. However, due to the differences in inheritance, homonym, and synonym, confusion occurs in the clinical application of Bashaga. In this paper, the therapeutic effect, nature, flavor, chemical constituents, and pharmacological mechanism of Bashaga were reviewed. Bashaga is cold and bitter, with the major therapeutic effect of clearing heat and removing toxin. It mainly contains flavonoids, alkaloids, and volatile oils and has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-viral, and immunomodulatory activities. This review summarized the research results about this herb from multiple disciplines, and then preliminarily discussed the pharmacophylogeny of Bashaga, aiming to provide ideas for the variety systematization of Bashaga.

关 键 词：“巴沙嘎” 传统药物学 生药学 药用植物亲缘学 品种整理 

分 类 号：R29[医药卫生—民族医学]