铝合金6061超声滚压表面纳米化特性试验研究  

Experimental study of nanosized characteristics of aluminum alloy 6061 ultrasonic rolling surface

作　　者：肖福源 靳刚[1,2] 李晓宝 阎兵 李占杰[1,2] 谢雷 XIAO Fu-yuan;JIN Gang;LI Xiao-bao;YAN Bing;LI Zhan-jie;XIE Lei(School of Mechanical Engineering,Tianjin University of Technology and Education,Tianjin 300222;Tianjin Key Laboratory of High-speed Cutting and Precision Machining,Tianjin 300222;Tianjin Aerospace Institute of Electrical and Mechanical Equipment,Tianjin 300301)

机构地区：[1]天津职业技术师范大学机械工程学院,天津300222 [2]天津市高速切削与精密加工重点实验室,天津300222 [3]天津航天机电设备研究所,天津300301

出　　处：《机械设计》2022年第8期42-47,共6页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划(重点项目)(18JCZDJC10050);天津市自然科学基金(面上项目)(20JCYBJC00490)。

摘　　要：为了研究不同工艺对铝合金6061表面粗糙度、表面晶粒度、表面残余应力的影响,考虑了滚压次数、主轴转速、进给速度、静压力4个因素对表面特性的影响,开展了超声滚压加工试验研究。利用白光干涉仪、DM4M光学显微镜、钻孔法等分别对粗糙度、表面晶粒度、表面残余应力进行测量。试验结果表明:超声滚压加工后材料表面粗糙度降低45%~94%,粗糙度随着滚压次数的增加先减小后增大,随主轴转速的增加而增大,随进给速度的增加先平缓地增大后急剧增大,随静压力的增加先趋于平缓后急剧增大。残余应力由拉变为压应力,最大压应力可达到-650 MPa,最大压应力层可达到0.8 mm,随着滚压次数的增多,残余压应力值逐渐增大,随着静压力的增大而增大;表面晶粒度随滚压次数的增大而增大,随静压力的增大而增大,随进给速度的增大而减小,随主轴转速的增大而增大,最大晶粒度为1.466。文中可为铝合金6061表面纳米化研究和制备工艺提供一定的参考。In this article,in order to explore the influence of different processes on the surface roughness,grain size and residual stress on the aluminum alloy 6061,an experimental study of ultrasonic rolling processing is carried out with the effects of four factors on the surface characteristics:rolling times,spindle speed,feed rate and static pressure.The surface roughness,grain size and residual stress are measured by means of the white light interferometer,DM4M optical microscope and drilling method.The experimental results show that the surface roughness of the materials reduces by 45%~94% after ultrasonic rolling processing.It first decreases and then rises with the ever-increasing rolling times;it rises with the ever-increasing spindle speed;it rises slowly and then sharply with the ever-increasing feed speed;it tends to level off and then rises sharply with the ever-increasing static pressure.The surface residual stress changes from tensile stress to compressive stress.The maximum compressive stress is-650 MPa,and the layer of the maximum compressive stress reaches 0.8 mm.The surface residual compressive stress rises with the ever-increasing rolling times and static pressure.The surface grain size rises with the ever-increasing rolling times and static pressure;it decreases with the ever-increasing feed speed;it rises with the ever-increasing spindle speed.The maximum grain size is 1.466.This article provides reference for the study and preparation process of the aluminum alloy 6061’s surface nanosizing.

关 键 词：超声滚压 粗糙度 晶粒度 残余应力 

分 类 号：TG663[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床] TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]