风电叶片故障分析技术研究现状  

Current technical research on fault detection for wind turbine blades

作　　者：王刚 WANG Gang(Beijing Jingneng Clean Energy Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100028)

机构地区：[1]北京京能清洁能源电力股份有限公司,北京100028

出　　处：《机械设计》2022年第8期123-128,共6页Journal of Machine Design

摘　　要：随着能源危机和环境污染问题的加剧,风能作为一种新的绿色能源受到世界各国的重视。能否低于传统发电成本捕获风能,很大程度上取决于风电场中风电机组的可靠性、可利用率及运行寿命。叶片作为大型风力发电机组的关键部件,对于风力涡轮机的可靠性至关重要。文中回顾了检测叶片性能的3种主要技术和方法:红外热成像、光纤光栅传感及超声检测。红外热成像法获取数据速度快,但随着探测距离的增加,精度降低,需要辅以图像处理方法进行分析处理,当前该方法在电力系统发热故障检测中应用较多;光纤光栅传感技术可通过波分复用组网检测材料的形变并反演故障模式,对于叶片健康在役检测和监测具有巨大的潜力;超声检测对于缺陷探测快速、便捷、无损伤、可精确定位内部损伤位置及类型,同样作为一种接触式测量方法,在叶片的工艺成型、质量控制方面具有无可替代的作用。With intensification of energy crisis and environmental pollution,wind energy as a new source of green energy is valued by countries all over the world.Whether it can capture wind energy lower than the cost of traditional power generation depends on reliability,availability and operating life of the wind turbines in the wind farm.As a key component of large wind turbines,blade is vital to reliability of wind turbines.In this article,efforts are made to review three main technologies and methods for monitoring blade performance:infrared thermal imaging,fiber grating sensing and ultrasonic testing.Infrared thermal imaging is fast to acquire data,but as the detection distance increases,accuracy decreases,and it needs to be supplemented by means of image processing for analysis.At present,this method is widely used in heating fault monitoring of power systems.Fiber grating sensing can monitor deformation of materials and invert failure modes with the help of wave multiplexing network,with great potential for in-service monitoring of blade health.Ultrasonic testing is fast,convenient,non-damaging for defect detection;it accurately locates the location and type of internal damage.It,also used as a contact measurement method,plays an irreplaceable role in terms of blade shaping and quality control.

关 键 词：风机涡轮机叶片 热成像 光纤传感 超声探测 

分 类 号：TH17[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH7TH81