环境DNA分析大亚湾夜光藻藻华对真核浮游生物群落的影响  

Noctiluca scintillans effects on eukaryotic plankton community structure using Environmental DNA analysis in Daya Bay

作　　者：陈靖夫 钟瑜[1,4] 王磊[1,2] 郭雨沛 邱大俊 CHEN Jingfu;ZHONG Yu;WANG Lei;GUO Yupei;QIU Dajun(Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou),Guangzhou 511458,China;Marine Biology Research Station at Daya Bay,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen 518121,China)

机构地区：[1]热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室(中国科学院南海海洋研究所),广东广州510301 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广东广州511458 [4]中国科学院大亚湾海洋生物综合实验站,广东深圳518121

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2022年第5期121-132,共12页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41776154);广州海洋实验室2019年度人才团队引进项目(GML2019ZD0405)。

摘　　要：夜光藻是全球广泛分布的藻华种之一,其摄食作用对浮游生物的群落结构有着重要影响。利用环境DNA技术和Spearman相关性分析,文章研究了2021年1月中旬大亚湾夜光藻高丰度站位浮游生物的群落结构与生物相关性。结果显示,夜光藻高丰度站位的海水温盐条件为温度14.4~18.3℃、盐度32.52‰~33.14‰。夜光藻丰度较高的站位中,卡顿藻科、海链藻科等浮游植物类群的相对丰度均值为2.41%和2.23%,明显高于其他站位的0.75%和0.62%;同时拟哲水蚤科与长腹剑水蚤科等类群的相对丰度均值为8.22%和4.46%,明显低于其他站位的64.13%和11.12%。结合Spearman相关性分析表明,夜光藻丰度增加可能导致其对拟哲水蚤科等类群摄食压力增加,拟哲水蚤科类群丰度减少降低了卡顿藻科、海链藻科、原甲藻科、隐芽藻科等浮游植物类群的摄食压力,使其生物丰度增加;同时夜光藻摄食压力增加使得裸甲藻科、圆筛藻科等浮游植物丰度下降。因此,夜光藻丰度增加影响了水域中真核浮游生物群落结构。综上结果表明,环境DNA技术有助于认识夜光藻在浮游生物群落中的生态地位,可用于浮游生物各类群之间的关系分析。Noctiluca scintillans is a key blooms species and widely distributed throughout the world.Previous studies indicated that the plankton community was strongly influenced by the predation of N.scintillans.In this study,eukaryotic plankton community and biological correlation in the Daya Bay were analyzed using environmental DNA technology and Spearman correlate analysis in January 2021.The temperature and salinity of surface sea water were 14.4~18.3℃and 32.52‰~33.14‰,respectively.In the stations with high N.scintillans abundance,the relative abundance of phytoplankton,such as Chattonellaceae and Thalassiosiraceae were 2.41%and 2.23%,which is significantly higher than the average values of 0.75%and 0.62%at other stations,respectively.While the relative abundances of Paracalanidae and Oithonidae were 8.22%and 4.46%at high N.scintillans abundance stations,which is significantly lower than the average value of 64.13%and 11.12%at other stations,respectively.These results indicated that N.scintillans reduced the top-down control of Paracalanidae on phytoplankton including Chattonellaceae,Thalassiosiraceae,Prorocentraceae and Geminigeraceae which led to an increase in the abundance of some plankton species in the blooms areas.Meanwhile,Gymnodiniaceae and Stephanopyxidaceae were fed by N.scintillans,which directly affected the community abundance of phytoplankton.Our analysis suggests that eDNA technology provides the methodological basis for understanding the ecological niche of N.scintillans,which would ultimately contribute to understanding the occurrence of blooms strategies.

关 键 词：大亚湾 环境DNA 夜光藻 食性 真核浮游生物 群落结构 

分 类 号：P735.124[天文地球—海洋生物学]