离子推力器内部等离子体的微观特性研究  

The Micro-dynamical Behavior of the Plasma in the Ion Thruster

作　　者：陈娟娟[1] 耿海[1] 龙建飞 吴辰宸 贾艳辉[1] 郭宁[1] CHEN Juanjuan;GENG Hai;LONG Jianfei;WU Chenchen;JIAYanhui;GUO Ning(Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory,Lanzhou Institute of Physics,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of South China,Hengyang 421001,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州空间技术物理研究所真空技术与物理重点实验室,兰州730000 [2]南华大学,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《真空与低温》2022年第5期514-523,共10页Vacuum and Cryogenics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2202700);重点实验室基金(6142207210303)。

摘　　要：放电室是离子推力器产生等离子体的主要区域,放电室气体放电过程中的电势振荡导致阴极下游产生的大量高能离子不断轰击溅射刻蚀空心阴极触持极,长时间后,触持极顶被磨损穿透,阴极顶和阴极管也受到离子的轰击。提出了一种解析方法,运用解析数学工具,研究放电室内磁感应强度、电场强度等对离子运动轨迹和等离子体振荡频率的影响,从数学角度描述放电室气体放电过程和等离子体振荡特性。最终得到非平衡态下的离子含时演化方程、准平衡态下的等离子体动态特性曲线和放电室性能曲线。Discharge chamber is the main area where the plasma is generated by the ion thruster.The electric potential downstream of the hollow cathode oscillates during the ion thruster operation and it makes lots of high-energy ions to be produced.Then ions are accelerated by the electric field in the discharge chamber and they will bombard and sputter the keeper electrode surface.The keeper electrode is completely eroded away by the end of the test,exposing the cathode orifice plate to the thruster discharge chamber,which significantly erodes the cathode orifice plate and the sheath-heater surfaces.An analysis method is proposed in this paper to investigate the effect of the magnetic field and the electric field on the ion’s trajectory and the plasma oscillation frequency.The discharge process and the plasma oscillation are described mathematically.Finally,the time-dependent evolution equation at non-equilibrium state,the dynamic behavior of plasma and the performance curve at equilibrium state are obtained.

关 键 词：离子推力器 放电室 微观特性 

分 类 号：V439.1[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]