锂离子电池硅(/碳)负极自修复聚合物黏合剂研究进展  

Self-healing polymer binders for the Si and Si/carbon anodes of lithium-ion batteries

作　　者：武帅 狄方 郑金刚 赵宏伟[1] 张涵 李莉香[1,2] 耿新 孙呈郭[1] 杨海明 周卫民 巨东英[2] 安百钢 WU Shuai;DI Fang;ZHENG Jin-gang;ZHAO Hong-wei;ZHANG Han;LI Li-xiang;GENG Xin;SUN Cheng-guo;YANG Hai-ming;ZHOU Wei-min;JU Dong-ying;AN Bai-gang(Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Electrochemistry Liaoning Province,School of Chemical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Anshan 114051,China;Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学化学工程学院,辽宁省能源材料与电化学重点实验室,辽宁鞍山114051 [2]海南大学化学工程与技术学院,海南省精细化学重点实验室,海南海口570228

出　　处：《新型炭材料（中英文）》2022年第5期802-826,共25页New Carbon Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51972156,51872131,51672117,51672118).

摘　　要：硅的高比容量使其成为开发先进锂离子电池倍具希望的负极材料。然而,低电导率、严重的体积效应和不稳定的固体电解质界面(SEI)等问题限制了Si负极在锂离子电池中的应用。尽管构建硅碳(Si/C)复合结构在提升Si负极的性能方面已展现优势,作为电极关键组成部分之一的黏合剂也显著影响电池的电化学性能。自修复聚合物黏合剂利用非共价键和可逆共价键自主修复Si体积变化而导致的内外部损伤以及电极微裂纹,有效提高锂离子电池的循环稳定性。自修复聚合物用于柔性锂金属电池的固态电解质,可以快速修复由于外力作用导致的固态电解质损伤和开裂,为柔性可穿戴电子产品的发展提供了广阔前景。本文综述了通过非共价键和可逆共价键交联或组装自修复聚合物黏合剂的合成、表征及其应用于Si(/C)负极的自修复机制,并简要总结了自修复聚合物在柔性锂电池固态电解质中的最新应用,进一步对应用于Si(/C)负极自修复聚合物黏合剂面临的技术挑战和设计要求进行了分析和展望。A silicon anode with a high specific capacity is one of the most promising candidates for developing advanced re-chargeable lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However,the problems of low electrical conductivity,severe volume changes during use and an unstable solid electrolyte interface seriously hinder their use in LIBs.Although using the carbon materials used to construct Si/C composite anodes have demonstrated their advantages in improving the performance of Si-based anodes,the binder,another key component of the electrode,also has a significant effect on the electrochemical performance of a battery.A self-healing binder uses non-covalent and reversible covalent bonds to effectively improve the cycling stability of LIBs by repairing the internal/external damage caused by the huge volume change of a Si-based anode.As for the solid-state polymer electrolytes(SPEs)of flexible lithium batteries,the use of self-healing polymers can also quickly repair the damages or cracks in the SPEs,and have a promising prospect in the development of flexible and wearable electronics.The paper gives an overview of the synthesis,characterization and self-heal-ing mechanisms of the self-healing polymer binders for use in Si and Si/C anodes and their recent application in flexible lithium bat-teries is briefly summarized.The related technical challenges and design requirements for self-healing polymer binders used in the Si and Si/C anodes of LIBs are discussed.

关 键 词：硅 碳 锂离子电池 自修复聚合物 共价键 

分 类 号：TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]