新型双稳态屈曲梁结构的低频跳跃稳定性分析  

The low-frequency snap-through stability analysis of novel bistable buckling beam structures

作　　者：王胜杰 韩翻珍 郭翔鹰[1] WANG Shengjie;HAN Fanzhen;GUO Xiangying(Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;China National Intellectual Property Administration,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学材料与制造学部,北京100124 [2]国家知识产权局专利局,北京100088

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2022年第9期1336-1341,共6页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11772010,12172014,11832002)。

摘　　要：为了验证双稳态屈曲梁结构的低频跳跃突变特性以及其能否在较低频率范围内进行能量耗散和吸收,本文基于小驱动大变形的设计目标,本文设计了一种以梁二阶屈曲模态为基础的新型双稳态结构,即在简支屈曲梁上施加可移动铰支约束,并在可移动铰支处施加可调驱动力矩,从而实现屈曲梁在较小外部激励作用下发生稳定的二阶屈曲模态跳变。通过动力学建模,采用最小势能原理得到双稳态屈曲梁发生二阶跳变的最小驱动力矩,并给出了移动铰支变化时,屈曲梁双稳态形式的变化特点及相应的跳变能量。通过仿真分析了双稳态屈曲梁的固有频率及跳跃模式,验证了理论分析结果。基于理论与仿真分析结果,设计了双稳态屈曲梁跳跃机构。通过实验验证了所设计双稳态屈曲梁结构在低频外激励作用下能发生二阶模态的跳变,为低频振动下进行能量吸收和耗散结构的设计提供了新思路。To verify the low-frequency snap-through characteristic of a bistable buckling beam structure and its ability to dissipate and absorb energy in a lower-frequency range,a new type of bistable structure is designed with the goal of small drivers and large deformation.The proposed bistable structure is based on the second-order buckling mode of the beam,acting as a movable hinge constraint in the middle of the simply supported buckling beam and adjusting the driving moment at the movable hinge branch to achieve the snap-through of the buckling beam between the two stable states under a small external excitation.First,through dynamic modeling,the minimum driving moment of the snap-through protrusion of the bistable buckling beam is obtained using the principle of minimum potential energy,and the characteristics of the change in the bistable form of the buckling beam and the corresponding jump energy are provided when changing the moving hinge branch.The natural frequency and the snap-through mode of the bistable buckling beam are analyzed by the simulation to verify the theoretical analysis results.Finally,based on the theoretical and simulation analyses,a bistable buckling beam mechanism is designed.The experiment proves that the designed bistable buckling beam structure can jump in the second mode under a low-frequency external excitation,thus providing a new idea for the design of energy harvesters and energy dissipators under low frequency vibration.

关 键 词：双稳态 屈曲梁 二阶屈曲 跳跃突变 移动铰支 最小势能原理 低频振动 驱动力矩 

分 类 号：O328[理学—一般力学与力学基础]