蒙古黄芪开花习性及有性杂交技术初探  

Study on Flowering Habits and Sexual Hybridization of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus

作　　者：田洪岭 郭淑红 张丽君[2] 吴昌娟 裴帅帅[1] TIAN Hongling;GUO Shuhong;ZHANG Lijun;WU Changjuan;PEI Shuaishuai(Industrial Crops Institute of Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China;Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学经济作物研究所,太原030031 [2]山西农业大学农业基因研究中心,太原030031

出　　处：《种子》2022年第8期131-136,共6页Seed

基　　金：国家重点研发专项(2019 YFC 1710800);国家中药材产业技术体系浑源综合试验站(CARS-21-03);呼和浩特重大科技专项(2018-社-重-4);山西农业大学校育种工程(YZGC 056)。

摘　　要：为选育优质、高产、适应性广和抗性强的优良蒙古黄芪新品种,挖掘一批黄芪新品种,推动山西黄芪育种进程,本研究通过观察编号为HQHY-3和HQWT-6的蒙古黄芪花器,采用人工套袋授粉的方式,进行有性杂交,探究黄芪杂交的可行性。结果表明,蒙古黄芪花冠大于等于花萼时,花蕾柱头和花粉都已成熟,选择花瓣尚未开放,花粉没有散掉的小花作为父本。以HQHY-3和HQWT-6为亲本的杂交组合,无论是正交还是反交,杂交种结实率均达33%以上,表现出较高的亲和力。In order to breed excellent Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus varieties with high quality, high yield, wide adaptability and strong resistance, a number of new astragalus varieties were excavated and the breeding process of Shanxi astragalus was promoted. In this study, the sexual hybridization was carried out by observing the flower organs of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus, numbered HQHY-3 and HQWT-6, by artificial bagging pollination to study the feasibility of hybridization of astragalus membranaceus. The results showed that when the corolla of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus was greater than or equal to the calyx, the stigma and pollen of the flower buds were mature, and the florets whose petals had not yet opened and the pollen had not scattered were selected as the male parent. The hybrid combination of HQHY-3 and HQWT-6 as parents, no matter whether it was orthogonal or reverse, the seed setting rate of the hybrids was more than 33%, showing high affinity.

关 键 词：蒙古黄芪 有性杂交 杂交技术 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]