中华绒螯蟹-日本沼虾池塘套养大规格罗氏沼虾模式氮磷收支及养殖效果研究  

Study on nitrogen and phosphorus budget and aquaculture effect of large-scale Macrobrachium rosenbergii in Eriocheir sinensis-Japan M.nipponens pond

作　　者：周聃 刘梅[1] 房伟平 倪蒙[1] 邹松保 原居林[1] ZHOU Dan;LIU Mei;FANG Wei-ping;NI Meng;ZOU Song-bao;YUAN Ju-lin(Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Fish Health and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries,Huzhou 313001,Zhejiang,China;Changxing Aquatic and Agricultural Machinery Center,Changxing 313100,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部淡水渔业健康养殖重点实验室,浙江省鱼类健康与营养重点实验室,浙江省淡水水产研究所,浙江湖州313001 [2]浙江长兴县水产与农机中心,浙江长兴313100

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2022年第5期76-82,共7页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：浙江省科技计划项目:多营养层级高效水产养殖技术-池塘多营养层级高效生态养殖模式构建关键技术研究与示范(2022C02027)。

摘　　要：为揭示中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinesis)-日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)池塘内套养不同密度的大规格罗氏沼虾(M.rosenbergi i)的氮磷收支变化及养殖效果,评价其生态和经济效益,确定最佳套养密度,本研究在中华绒螯蟹(10kg/667 m 2)-日本沼虾(15kg/667 m 2)套养池塘内每667 m 2分别投放规格为75~80只/kg的罗氏沼虾5kg(T1)、15kg(T2)和25 kg(T3),并定期监测罗氏沼虾生长情况,计算池塘氮磷收支,分析成本和收益。结果显示:T1罗氏沼虾生长速度要快于T2和T3;饲料为池塘氮、磷输入的主要来源,分别占T1、T2和T3氮输入的(81.99±2.14)%、(81.94±2.20)%和(81.91±2.21)%,磷输入的(85.16±2.33)%、(84.99±2.31)%和(84.85±2.40)%;水生植物是主要支出方式,分别占T1、T2和T3氮支出的(61.21±1.93)%、(56.99±2.03)%和(52.05±1.89)%,磷支出的(38.90±1.34)%、(37.72±1.36)%和(33.75±1.33)%;T1和T2的氮、磷相对和绝对利用率差异不显著,均显著高于T3;T1和T2的氮、磷排污系数差异不大,均显著低于T3;T2的单位面积效益要高于T1和T3。结果表明,T2密度套养具有较好的经济效益和生态效益,最佳套养密度为每667 m 2投放中华绒螯蟹10 kg,日本沼虾15 kg和罗氏沼虾15 kg。The ecological and economic benefits evaluation and determination was carried out to reveal the changes of nitrogen and phosphorus budget and aquaculture effect of Macrobrachium rosenbergii with different densities in the pond of Eriocheir sinensis and M.nipponense.In this study,75~80 pieces/kg of M.rosenbergi i 5 kg(T1),15 kg(T2)and 25 kg(T3)per 667 m 2 were put into the captive pond of E.sinensis(10 kg/667 m 2)-M.nipponense(15 kg/667 m 2).The growth of M.rosenbergi i was monitored regularly,the revenue and expenditure of nitrogen and phosphorus in the pond was calculated.Meanwhile,the cost and income were analyzed.The growth of M.rosenbergi was regularly monitored,the input and output of nitrogen and phosphorus were calculated and costs and benefits were analyzed by setting up three different sets of culture density ponds as T1(low density),T2(medium density)and T3(high density).Results showed that the growth rate of T1 M.rosenbergi was faster than that of T2 and T3.Feed was the primary source of nitrogen and phosphorus input,accounting for 81.99%±2.14%,81.94%±2.20%and 81.91%±2.21%of the nitrogen input,and 85.16%±2.33%,84.99%±2.31%and 84.85%±2.40%of the phosphorus input in T1,T2 and T3,respectively.The aquatic plant was the primary mode of nitrogen and phosphorus output,accounting for 61.21%±1.93%,56.99%±2.03%and 52.05%±1.89%of nitrogen output,and 38.90%±1.34%,37.72%±1.36%and 33.75%±1.33%of the phosphorus output in T1,T2 and T3,respectively.The relative and absolute utilization rates of nitrogen and phosphorus in T1 and T2 were not significant,both higher than T3.The pollution discharge coefficient of nitrogen and phosphorus in T1 and T2 were insignificant,lower than T3.The benefit per unit area of T2 was higher than that of T1 and T3.In summary,T2 can guarantee better economic benefits and less environmental pollution.The optimal stocking density is 10 kg/667 m 2 Eriocheir sinesis,15 kg/667 m 2 M.nipponense,and 15 kg of M.rosenbergi.Through the implementation of this study,the optimal density was o

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinesis) 日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense) 罗氏沼虾(M.rosenbergii) 不同密度 氮磷收支 养殖效果 

分 类 号：S965.1[农业科学—水产养殖]