陕西佛坪国家级自然保护区大熊猫主食竹叶提取物成分分析  

Ingredient Analysis and Identification of Bamboo Leaves Extracted from Staple Food of Bamboo of Wild Giant Pandas Based on UPLC-MS

作　　者：曹淯 王乐[1] 代艺 何欢柳 袁施彬[1] CAO Yu;WANG Le;DAI Yi;HE Huanliu;YUAN Shibin(Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resource Conservation of the Ministry of Education,College of Life Sciences,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637009,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,教育部西南野生动植物资源保护重点实验室,四川南充637009

出　　处：《云南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第5期53-61,共9页Journal of Yunnan Normal University:Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：四川省教育厅科研创新团队(自然科学)资助项目(17TD0037);西华师范大学英才基金资助项目(17YC357)。

摘　　要：采用超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱联用技术(UPLC-MS)在正负离子模式下对陕西佛坪国家级自然保护区大熊猫活动区域(FS)和对照区域(CS)中分布的巴山木竹竹叶提取物的化学成分进行分析和鉴定.结果发现,巴山木竹叶中化合物数有上千种,分布于FS的巴山木竹竹叶中的化合物数远远高于CS;随着竹龄的增加,竹叶提取物中化合物数有减少的趋势,这些化合物主要分为苯丙素及聚酮化合物(PPs)、脂肪及类脂分子(LLMs)、有机杂环类化合物(OHCs)、苯环型化合物(BZs)、有机酸及其衍生物(OADs)、有机氧化合物(OOCs)、生物碱及其衍生物(ADs)、核苷酸及类似物(NNAs)、木脂素类及相关化合物(LNRCs)、有机氮化合物(ONCs)、有机硫化合物(OSCs)和碳氢衍生物(HDs)12超类,其中PPs、LLMs、OHCs、BZs、OADs、OOCs和ADs占化合物总数的95%左右;FS和CS中共有优势化合物5超类24种,其中以PPs超类共有优势化合物种类最多,异荭草苷和长春西汀是FS和CS中所有竹龄的巴山木竹叶所共有,防己菲碱是FS中竹叶所特有,幼嫩竹叶中含有的PSMs的种类和量均高于老龄竹叶.共有和特有优势化合物的特殊药效作用可能有助于以单一竹类为食的野外大熊猫在维持正常生长发育繁殖的同时抵抗内源性和外源性疾病因子侵袭.In this study, the chemical components of plant secondary metabolites in bamboo leaves extract(BLE) distributed in different bamboo ages(annual, biennials and perennation) in foraging site(FS) and control site(CS) of giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in Foping National Nature Reserve, Shaanxi Province, China, was analyzed and identified by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS).The results showed that there were thousands of compounds in BLE of B.fargesiiare,and the main compounds could be classified into 12 superclasses, and the number of BLE compounds distributed in FS was much more than that in CS.In addition, the number of compounds in BLE tended to decrease with the increase of bamboo age, among which the most abundant compounds were in FS-1 and FS-2.Besides, there are 5 superclasses and 24 dominant compounds in FS and CS,but only homoorientin and vinpocetine are shared by all bamboo leaves at all ages in FS and CS.In conclusion, the special pharmacodynamic effects of the dominant compounds shared and unique in the two sites may help the wild giant pandas fed on single bamboo species to maintain normal growth, development, and reproduction while resisting endogenous and exogenous disease factors.

关 键 词：大熊猫 巴山木竹 UPLC-MS 黄酮类化合物 生物碱 

分 类 号：S795.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种] Q946.8[农业科学—林学]