高温质子导体陶瓷应用于高温堆氦气中含氚水汽去除的特性研究  

Properties of High-temperature Proton Conducting Ceramics Applied for Removal of Tritium Water Vapor from the Helium Gas of High Temperature Reactor

作　　者：夏体锐 温宏亮 李帅 葛炼伟 陈仁宗 宋宜豪 肖国平 刘婷 XIA Tirui;WEN Hongliang;LI Shuai;GE Lianwei;CHEN Renzong;SONG Yihao;XIAO Guoping;LIU Ting(CNNC High Temperature Reactor Holdings Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China;China Nuclear Yanlong Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China;National Engineering Research Center of Nonferrous Metals Materials and Products for New Energy,GRINM Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100088,China;GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101407,China;China National Nuclear Power Co.,Ltd,Beijing 101407,China;Nuclear and radiation safety center,Beijing 100082,China)

机构地区：[1]核建高温堆控股有限公司,北京100081 [2]中核燕龙科技有限公司,北京100081 [3]有研科技集团有限公司,国家有色金属新能源材料与制品工程技术研究中心,北京100088 [4]有研工程技术研究有限公司,北京101407 [5]中国核能电力股份有限公司,北京101407 [6]生态环境部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082

出　　处：《核科学与工程》2022年第3期523-532,共10页Nuclear Science and Engineering

基　　金：中国核工业集团有限公司青年英才菁英项目《高温堆氦气回路新型除氚技术研究》(CNNC2019YTEP-50)。

摘　　要：为开发高温堆冷却剂氦气中含氚(T)水汽的去除技术,采用CaZr_(0.9)In_(0.1)O_(3−α)高温质子导体陶瓷(HTPC)材料设计加工了一种新型的电化学氢泵。实验以水汽模拟高温堆氦气中的含氚水汽,对水汽浓度为1644×10^(−6)的氦气的电解提氢性能及相关机理进行研究。结果表明,随着加载电压增加,产生的总电流、阴极提取的氢气(H_(2))浓度、H_(2)回收效率都随之增加,但实际H_(2)提取速率会偏离法拉第定律,表明电流效率(质子电流与总电流的比值)或质子迁移数会随着H_(2)提取速率的增加而降低。通过对质子电流效率下降的原因进行分析,得到的结论是导致电流效率降低的因素不仅包括缺陷平衡反应的电子空穴电流,还包括电极反应动力学的降低。基于该研究工作,可开发促进氧气(O_(2))从阳极通过电解质界面向外扩散的电极,以有效抑制电子空穴电流,从而提高质子电流效率。为HTPC应用于高温堆氦气中含氚水汽的去除积累实验依据。In order to develop the removal technology of tritium(T)water vapor from the helium gas as the coolant of high temperature reactors,an experimental hydrogen pump with proton-conducting CaZr_(0.9)In_(0.1)O_(3−α)ceramic material was designed and manufactured.The experiment uses water vapor to simulate tritium water vapor in the helium gas of high temperature reactor.Hydrogen extraction properties from electrolysis about helium with concentration 1644×10^(−6)H_(2)O vapor and related mechanism were experimentally studied.The results show that the total current,the hydrogen(H_(2))concentration extracted by the cathode and the hydrogen recovery efficiency increased with the increase of the loading voltage.However,the actual hydrogen extraction rate deviated from Faraday's law,indicating that the current efficiency(the ratio of proton current to total current)or proton migration number decreased with the increase of hydrogen extraction rate.The analyzed reasons for the decrease of current efficiency are that factors leading to the reduction of current efficiency include not only the electron hole current of defect equilibrium reaction,but also the reduction of electrode reaction kinetics.Based on this research work,electrodes that promote the outward diffusion of oxygen(O_(2))from the anode electrolyte interface can be developed to effectively suppress the electron hole current and improve the proton current efficiency.This study accumulates the experimental basis for the high-temperature proton conductor ceramics applied for the removal of tritium water vapor from the helium gas of high temperature reactor.

关 键 词：高温堆 高温质子导体陶瓷 含氚水汽 氢气提取 CaZr_(0.9)In_(0.1)O_(3−α) 

分 类 号：TL62[核科学技术—核技术及应用]