基质、插穗类型与扦插方式对川滇槲蕨扦插繁殖的影响  

Effects of Substrates,Cutting Types and Cutting Method on Cutting Propagation of Drynaria delavayi

作　　者：党友超 孙庆文 王波 王健 陆祥 陈春伶 DANG Youchao;SUN Qingwen;WANG Bo;WANG Jian;LU Xiang;CHEN Chunling(Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guizhou Engineering Research Center for Conservation and Evaluation of Germplasm Resources of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicinal Materials,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州中医药大学贵州省中药民族药材种质资源保存及评价工程研究中心,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2022年第10期93-98,共6页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省优秀青年科技人才项目“贵州特色中药民族药资源研究”[黔科合平台人才(2019)5658];贵州省普通高等学校工程研究中心建设项目“贵州省中药民族药材种质资源保存及评价工程研究中心”[黔教合KY字(2017)018];贵州省科技计划项目“铁皮石斛ABA合成基因DoNCED的克隆与功能研究”[黔科合基础-ZK(2021)一般522];贵州中医药大学博士启动基金项目“贵州(黔产)石斛属药用植物种质资源收集及遗传多样性分析”[(贵中医博士启动基金2019)12]。

摘　　要：【目的】探明基质、扦插方式和插穗类型对中药材川滇槲蕨扦插繁殖的影响,为其人工规模化种植及喀斯特地区石漠化治理提供参考。【方法】以成活率及发芽时间、叶片舒展时间等作为评价指标,采用多重比较等方法,研究不同基质〔腐殖土∶砂石(3∶1)、草炭土∶砂石(3∶1)和腐殖土〕、不同类型插穗(顶端插穗和中端插穗)及不同扦插方式(斜插及平铺)对川滇槲蕨扦插繁殖的影响。【结果】扦插繁殖基质以腐殖土∶砂石为3∶1最优;在此基质中,顶端插穗斜插及平铺均全部成活,其中,以顶端插穗斜插方式扦插的各项指标均最优,扦插后9 d开始发芽,20 d开始展叶,平均发芽时间为扦插后33 d,展叶时间为扦插后52 d;中端插穗以平铺方式扦插成活率较高,为96%。【结论】川滇槲蕨最适扦插繁殖方法为顶端插穗+斜插方式+腐殖土∶砂石为3∶1的基质。【Objective】The effects of substrates,cutting methods and cutting types on cutting propagation of Drynaria delavayi are studied to provide reference for large-scale artificial planting and rocky desertification control in karst area.【Method】The survival rate and germination time,leaf expansion time,and other factors were used as evaluation indexes and the multiple comparison method was adopted,then the effects of different substrates〔humus soil∶sand(3∶1),peat soil∶sand(3∶1)and humus soil〕,different types of cuttings(top cutting and middle cutting)and different cutting methods(oblique cutting and flat paving)on cutting propagation of D.delavayi were studied.【Result】The best substrate for cutting propagation is humus soil∶sand=3∶1.With this substrate,the D.delavayi by top-cutting oblique cutting and flat paving all survived,and the D.delavayi by top-cutting oblique cutting method had the best cutting indexes.It began to germinate on the 9^(th) day after cutting,and began to develop leaves on the 20^(th) day.The average germination time was 33 days after cutting,and the leaf development time was 52 days after cutting.The cutting survival rate of the middle cuttings by flat paving was higher,with the rate of 96%.【Conclusion】The most suitable cutting method of D.delavayi is the top cutting cut in humus soil∶sand(3∶1)substrate by oblique cutting.

关 键 词：川滇槲蕨 中药材 根状茎 扦插繁殖 基质 成活率 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]