国内外防弹标准防护等级的研究与对比  

Research and Comparison of Protection Rating in Domestic and Foreign Bulletproof Standards

作　　者：张洋洋 赵洪山 彭伟 胡春东[3,4] 杨志刚 董瀚[2,3,4] ZHANG Yangyang;ZHAO Hongshan;PENG Wei;HU Chundong;YANG Zhigang;DONG Han(School of Material Science and Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Central Iron&Steel Research Institute,Beijing 100081,China;School of Material Science and Engineering,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;Zhejiang Institute of Advanced Materials,Shanghai University,Jiaxing 314100,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100084 [2]钢铁研究总院,北京100081 [3]上海大学材料科学与工程学院,上海200444 [4]上海大学(浙江)高端装备基础件材料研究院,浙江嘉兴314100

出　　处：《兵工学报》2022年第9期2017-2036,共20页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：上海市教委重点项目(2019-01-07-00-09-E00024)。

摘　　要：一部完善合理的防弹标准不仅可以对防弹材料的防护等级进行正确的划分,而且能为行动指挥者面对危险时选用不同的防护装备提供高效实用的指导。各个国家或国际组织的防弹标准根据各自特殊情况所制定,因此不同国家的防弹标准在防护级别上有所差异。主要从防弹衣、防弹头盔、装甲防护车辆、透明装甲材料和其他防弹设备四个方面归纳了一些国内外常用防弹标准,对不同防弹标准中各防护级别的弹丸侵彻能量进行横向对比,并对其中4种常用测试弹丸的弹心材质和形貌结构进行比较与分析。通过对常用防弹标准的对比与分析,总结出国内外常用防弹标准在防护等级和所测试弹丸威力等方面的异同,期望能对从事相关行业的研究人员选用或修改完善防弹标准有所启发与帮助。Well-developed bulletproof standards can not only correctly classify the protection grade of the bulletproof materials,but also offer efficient and practical guidance for commanders to choose different protective equipment when facing danger.Each country or an international organization establish their bulletproof standards according to their own particular circumstances,and therefore the protection levels vary from country to country.Several common bulletproof standards are summarized from four aspects:body armors,bulletproof helmets,armored vehicles and ballistic transparent materials.A side-by-side comparison of the projectile penetration energy for each protection level in different ballistic protection standards was conducted,and the bullet core and morphological structure of several of the commonly tested projectiles were compared and analyzed.Through the comparison and analysis of the commonly used bulletproof standards,the similarities and differences between domestic and foreign standards in terms of protection levels and the power of the tested projectiles were summarized.The results are expected to inspire and help researchers engaged in related industries to choose or improve their ballistic resistance standards.

关 键 词：防弹标准 防护级别 弹丸结构与材质 初始动能 

分 类 号：TJ06[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术]