铁基磁性纳米材料在神经调控应用中的研究进展  

Research Progress of the Iron-Based Magnetic Nanomaterials for Neuromodulation

作　　者：柳东芳 顾宁[2] LIU Dongfang;GU Ning(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging,School of Medicine,Southeast University,Nanjing 210009,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Devices,State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics,School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 210009,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学医学院江苏省分子影像与功能影像实验室,江苏南京210009 [2]东南大学生物科学与医学工程学院生物电子学国家重点实验室江苏省生物材料与器件重点实验室,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2022年第9期669-678,共10页Materials China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51832001);国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(61821002)。

摘　　要：铁基磁性纳米材料能够将外部磁场转化为局部的热、电、机械力等刺激信号,实现对神经元的远程无线精准调控,在研究神经网络功能和神经疾病治疗领域都具有良好的应用前景。从基于磁性纳米颗粒的磁遗传学、磁热遗传学、磁电效应、磁致机械力和磁化学遗传学神经调控5个方面综述磁性纳米材料介导的神经调控技术,讨论磁性纳米材料在脑内的植入稳定性、生物安全性及与细胞膜的相互作用,并对用于神经调控的铁基磁性纳米材料的未来发展进行展望。Iron-based magnetic nanomaterials can transform magnetic field into local energy such as thermal, electrical and mechanical stimulation. With the assistance of the magnetic nanoparticles, precise remote wireless regulation of neurons can be realized by applying external magnetic field, which provides a good application prospect in both of the basic research of neuroscience and the clinical treatment of nerve diseases. This paper reviewed the application of the magnetic nanoparticles in magnetogenetics, magnetothermal genetics, magnetoelectric effect, magnetic field induced mechanical force and chemomagnetic neural regulations. The stable duration and in vivo biosafety of the implanted nanomaterials, as well as the interaction between the nanomaterilas and cell membrane were discussed. At last, the future development of the iron-based magnetic nanomaterials in neural regulation was prospected.

关 键 词：磁性纳米材料 神经调控 磁场调控 氧化铁纳米颗粒 磁遗传学 磁热遗传学 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] R318.08[医药卫生—生物医学工程]