秦岭细鳞鲑生物学参数研究及其个体变化探讨  

Biology and Miniaturization of Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis

作　　者：张建禄[1] 许涛清[1] 黄吉芹 边坤[1] 方程 王启军[1] ZHANG Jian-lu;XU Tao-qing;HUANG Ji-qin;BIAN Kun;FANG Cheng;WANG Qi-jun(Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation,Shaanxi Institute of Zoology,Xi’an 710032,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省秦岭珍稀濒危动物保育重点实验室,陕西省动物研究所,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2022年第5期117-121,共5页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划一般项目-农业领域(2018NY-108);陕西省重点研发计划一般项目-社会发展领域(2017SF-395)。

摘　　要：探究秦岭细鳞鲑(Brachymystax lenoktsinlingensis)个体生物学参数及个体小型化现象,为该鱼种的保护与开发利用提供基础资料。于1991年8月、1992年11月,对秦岭黑河流域秦岭细鳞鲑进行了两次调查,采集到样本178尾,对样本进行了生物学数据测量和分析。结果显示:秦岭细鳞鲑体长为48~290 mm,体重为3~475 g,50 g以下个体占比达75.84%。体长(L)-体重(W)关系式为:W=3×10^(-5)L^(2.9105),R^(2)=0.982,雌雄性比为1:1.44。独立样本t检验分析表明:雌、雄秦岭细鳞鲑的肥满度、比肠长、脏体比、腹腔脂肪指数等4个指标差异不显著(P>0.05)。与2014年相同流域的秦岭细鳞鲑数据比对后发现,平均体重和100 g以下个体所占百分比无明显差异。综合分析现有关于秦岭细鳞鲑个体小型化的报道,认为秦岭细鳞鲑个体小型化有待进一步研究。Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis is a landlocked cold water fish endemic to China,primarily distributed in the Weihe River basin,including the Heihe and Qianhe Rivers.Studying the biology of B.lenok tsinlingensis is important for its conservation and the exploitation of germplasm resources.In this study,we characterized the biology of B.lenok tsinlingensis and discussed the problem of miniaturization by comparing research results over time(1991-1992,2014).A total of 178 B.lenok tsinlingensis specimens,collected in the Qinling Heihe River basin from 1991 to 1992,were analyzed.The body length and body weight ranges of the 178 specimens were 48-290 mm and 3-475 g,and individuals under 50 g accounted for 75.84%of the total.The relationship of body length(L)and body weight(W)was described as W=3×10^(-5) L^(2.9105),R^(2)=0.982.Among the 44 individuals identified by sex,the ratio of females to males was 1:1.44.The t-test analysis of independent samples indicated no significant difference among the condition factor(CF),relative gut length(RGL),viserosomatic index(VSI)and intraperitoneal fat body index(IFI)of males and females(P>0.05).Compared with specimens collected in 2014,there were no significant differences between average body weight or the percentage of individuals under 100 g.Finally,we analyzed evidence for the miniaturization of B.lenok tsinlingensis reported by researchers,found the evidence unconvincing,and concluded that additional study of B.lenok tsinlingensis miniaturization is nec⁃essary to clearly resolve the issue.

关 键 词：秦岭细鳞鲑 生物学参数 秦岭黑河 个体变化 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]