海域使用权立体分层设立若干问题探究  

Research on the Establishment of Three-dimensional Stratification of Sea Area Use Right

作　　者：崔旺来 陈梦圆 贺义雄 钟海玥 李瑞发 CUI Wanglai;CHEN Mengyuan;HE Yixiong;ZHONG Haiyue;LI Ruifa(School of Economics and Management,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学经济与管理学院,舟山316022

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2022年第9期36-42,共7页Ocean Development and Management

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“中国海洋管理机构职能协同与治理现代化研究”(20BZZ063)。

摘　　要：海域使用权立体分层设权是国家鼓励探索的一种用海新模式,海域空间的立体化开发利用已成必然趋势,但海域管理领域真正涉及海域使用权立体分层管理机制的系统性研究几乎没有。研究表明:国家是海域使用权立体分层设立的唯一主体;同一宗海区块空间已设定水体用海使用权可开发利用的海域空间边际外部分为客体范围;无偿划拨和有偿出让是两种常见设立方式;迭代升级行政审批程序应增加海域立体空间规划、创新空间管理体系,同时要考虑线性用海动态性;从登记客体、观测技术、登记制度、登记方法和登记内容5个维度改革创新权属登记模式;可通过研制海域使用权立体分层开发规划,赋予已设定海域使用权人优先权,支持相邻海域使用权人设立海域役权等方式协调与已设定海域使用权人权益。The three-dimensional layered right of sea area use has become a national strategy,and the three-dimensional development and utilization of sea area space has become an inevitable trend.However,there is little systematic research on the three-dimensional layered management mechanism of sea area use right in the field of sea area management.The research shows that the state is the only body to establish the three-dimensional stratification of sea area use right.The marginal outer space of the sea area where the right to use sea water has been set in the same sea area is divided into the object scope.Free allocation and paid transfer are two common establishment methods.The iterative upgrading of administrative approval procedures should increase the three-dimensional spatial planning of sea areas,innovate the spatial management system,and consider the dynamic nature of linear sea use.Reform and innovate ownership registration mode from five dimensions:registration object,observation technology,registration system,registration method and registration content.Coordinating with the rights and interests of the designated sea area users can be achieved by developing a three-dimensional layered development plan for sea area use rights,giving priority to the designated sea area users and supporting the adjacent sea area users to establish sea area easements.

关 键 词：分层设立 海域使用权 海域立体化 海域管理 

分 类 号：F062.1[经济管理—政治经济学] P74[天文地球—海洋科学]