巴西海洋与极地领域科技创新战略及对我国的启示  

Scientific and Technological Innovation Strategies on Ocean and Polar Regions in Brazil and Its Enlightenment to China

作　　者：李宇航[1,2,3] 王莹莹 王文涛[1] 郑惠泽[1] LI Yuhang;WANG Yingying;WANG Wentao;ZHENG Huize(The Administrative Center for China's Agenda 21,Beijing 100038,China;Xingjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Bei jing 100049,China;Collge of Safety and Ocean Engineering,China University of Petroleum-Beijing,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国21世纪议程管理中心海洋处,北京100038 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]中国石油大学(北京)安全与海洋工程学院,北京102249

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2022年第9期48-56,共9页Ocean Development and Management

基　　金：科技部国际合作司项目“金砖国家海洋与极地战略、政策与未来合作模式及机制研究”(2020ICR095)。

摘　　要：巴西地处南大西洋沿岸特殊的地理位置,深水海洋油气技术先进,产业区域性聚集明显,受极地气候变化影响明显,在此大背景下,巴西政府高度重视海洋与极地发展对其国际地位、政府治理、产业经济和社会稳定的联动影响。近年来,巴西借助部际海洋资源委员会、南极事务委员会等专业管理和决策机构,颁布了一系列海洋与极地战略的政策规划和法律法规,旨在全面推动巴西在全球海洋与极地科技事务中的顶层部署和研究领域,尤其是费拉兹司令南极科学考察站的建成,为巴西参与南极事务奠定了基础设施和支撑。中国可在借鉴巴西海洋与极地事务经验教训的基础上,特别是深水油气开发技术的成功经验上,持续加强与巴西的深层合作,积极寻求两国在海洋与极地科技开发中的相互战略支持,建立和谐稳定的中巴双边科技创新长效合作机制,更加有利于中国海洋与极地科技创新的全面发展。With its special geographical location of the coast of the South Atlantic Ocean,Brazil has the state-of-the-art deep-water offshore oil&gas technology,prominent regional industrial clustering,and is vulnerable to the change of polar climate.Under this context,the Brazilian government has attached great importance to the linkage effects of ocean and polar development on its international status,government governance,industrial economy and social stability.In recent years,with the help of professional management and decision-making institutions such as the Inter-ministerial Commission for Marine Resources,Antarctic Affairs Committee,and the Brazilian Navy,the Brazilian government has promulgated a series of policies,plans,laws and regulations related to ocean and polar strategies,aiming to comprehensively promote the top-level deployment,enlarge the research fields,and strengthen the political connotation in global ocean and polar science,technology and affairs.In particular,the completion of the Ferraz Antarctic Scientific Research Station has laid an absolute foundation for Brazil’s participation in Antarctic affairs.On the basis of learning from the experience and lessons of Brazil′s marine and polar affairs,especially the successful experience of deepwater oil and gas development technology,China can continue to strengthen deep cooperation with Brazil and actively seek mutual strategic support between the two countries in the development of marine and polar science and technology.Establishing a harmonious and stable bilateral long-term cooperation mechanism for scientific and technological innovation between China and Pakistan is more conducive to the comprehensive development of China′s marine and polar scientific and technological innovation.

关 键 词：巴西 海洋技术 极地开发 海洋科技政策 国际合作 

分 类 号：P74[天文地球—海洋科学]