跨高原地区纳西族农村人群缺血性心血管疾病发病风险评估  

Risk Assessment of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease in Rural Naxi Population in Low-to-high Altitudes

作　　者：唐召云 何杨 陈聪 杨晓丹 吴新华 刘宏 TANG Zhaoyun;HE Yang;CHEN Cong;YANG Xiaodan;WU Xinhua;LIU Hong(Clinical Medical College,Dali University,Dali 671000,China;Department of Cardiology,First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University,Dali 671000,China;Yunnan Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Trans-plateau Cardiovascular Disease,Dali 671000,China;Institute of Trans-plateau Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment,Dali University,Dali 671000,China)

机构地区：[1]大理大学临床医学院,云南省大理市671000 [2]大理大学第一附属医院心内科,云南省大理市671000 [3]云南省跨高原心血管疾病防治工程研究中心,云南省大理市671000 [4]大理大学跨高原心血管疾病防治研究所,云南省大理市671000

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2022年第36期4522-4527,共6页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：背景心血管疾病是目前引起全球死亡及致残的主要慢性疾病之一,但目前尚缺乏针对跨高原地区纳西族农村人群心血管疾病危险性评价的研究报道。目的调查云南省丽江市跨高原地区35~75岁纳西族农村人群心血管疾病危险因素暴露及聚集情况,评估未来10年缺血性心血管疾病(ICVD)发病风险。方法2020年8—9月采用随机抽样方法抽取云南省跨高原地区8个村落中35~75岁纳西族人群作为研究对象,进行问卷调查、体格检查及实验室检查等。选用改良国人ICVD 10年发病风险评估表计算未来10年ICVD发病危险度并进行统计分析。结果共纳入381例跨高原地区纳西族农村人群,高海拔高原地区纳西族农村人群的收缩压、三酰甘油(TG)高于中等海拔高原地区(P<0.05),而总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、空腹血糖低于中等海拔高原地区(P<0.05)。高血压、糖尿病、吸烟、血脂异常、体质量异常的暴露率分别为48.8%、4.7%、24.7%、57.7%、29.1%;男性吸烟率高于女性(P<0.01);随着年龄增长,高血压及体质量异常暴露率升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);高海拔地区的高血压患病率高于中等海拔地区,糖尿病暴露率低于中等海拔地区。有29.1%、33.6%、21.5%的纳西族农村人群分别有1种、2种、≥3种主要危险因素,不同性别、年龄段ICVD主要危险因素聚集情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性10年ICVD发病绝对危险度高于女性(P<0.05);其中不同年龄段男性、女性ICVD 10年发病绝对危险度比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论跨高原地区35~75岁纳西族农村人群未来10年ICVD发病风险较高,未来心血管疾病防治重点应针对男性、高龄等人群进行。Background Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide.There is still a lack of research reports on the risk assessment of cardiovascular disease in rural populations in Naxi,an area in low-to-high altitudes(1000-3500 meters).Objective To investigate the exposure and aggregation of cardiovascular disease risk factors,and to assess the 10-year risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease(ICVD)in rural population aged 35-75 years in Naxi area of Yunnan’s Lijiang City from August to September 2020.Methods By use of random sampling,35-75-year-old Naxi people were selected from 8 villages in Yunnan,and received a questionnaire survey,physical examination and laboratory examination.The 10-year ICVD risk was used to assess the modified 10-year ICVD risk Scale in Chinese Adults,and statistically analyzed.Results A total of 381 cases were included.Individuals from high altitudes had higher systolic blood pressure and triacylglycerol(TG),and lower total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and fasting blood glucose than those from moderate altitudes(P<0.05).The exposure prevalence of hypertension,diabetes,smoking,dyslipidemia,overweight and obesity was 48.8%,4.7%,24.7%,57.7%,and 29.1%,respectively.The smoking prevalence in men was significantly higher than that in women(P<0.01).The exposure prevalence of hypertension and abnormal body weight increased with age(P<0.05).Individuals from high altitudes had higher exposure prevalence of hypertension and lower exposure prevalence of diabetes than those moderate altitudes.There were 29.1%,33.6%,and 21.5%of the participants with 1,2,and 3 ICVD risk factors respectively.There was significant difference in ICVD risk factors clustered in different gender and age(P<0.05).The absolute 10-year risk of ICVD in men was higher than that in women(P<0.05).The absolute 10-year risk of ICVD differed significantly by age in both men and women(P<0.05).Conclusion The 10-year risk of ICVD in 35-75-year-old rural Naxi people was high.Future preven

关 键 词：心血管疾病 跨高原 危险因素 国人ICVD 10年发病危险评估表 风险评估 纳西族 

分 类 号：R54[医药卫生—心血管疾病]