水中氟离子去除方法的研究进展  

Research Progress of Fluoride Ion Removal Methods in Water

作　　者：雅茹 陈姝璇 奥妮琪 白淑琴 YA Ru;CHEN Shuxuan;AO Niqi;BAI Shuqin(School of Ecology and Environment,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,China;School of Chemistry and Molecular En-gineering,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;Green Intelligence Environmental School,Yangtze Normal Uni-versity,Chongqing 408100,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学生态与环境学院,呼和浩特010021 [2]华东师范大学化学与分子工程学院,上海200062 [3]长江师范学院绿色智慧环境学院,重庆408100

出　　处：《三峡生态环境监测》2022年第3期1-13,共13页Ecology and Environmental Monitoring of Three Gorges

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21666025);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(201802101);重庆市自然科学基金项目(cstc2020jcyjmsxmX0671);重庆市涪陵区科技计划项目(2020ABC2024)。

摘　　要：随着氟元素相关工业的发展,我国水环境中的氟污染日趋严重,对人体和环境的潜在危害日益凸显。因此,水中氟含量的控制关系到人类健康和水资源的安全使用。根据水质特点的不同,常用除氟方法也不尽相同,各有其适宜条件和优缺点。含氟废水中的氟主要使用化学沉淀、膜分离及其组合方法去除;苦咸水与海水除氟可采用混凝沉淀、电絮凝、电渗析、电容去离子等技术去除;饮用水除氟常用膜分离、吸附和离子交换技术。而未来水中氟离子去除技术,关键在于开发操作简单、高效节能、对氟离子选择性强、容易再生且再生容量高、不产生二次污染、经济友好、易于推广的除氟技术。Fluoride pollution in water is becoming more and more serious with the development of fluorine-related industries,causing serious negative effects on the environment and human body.Therefore,the control of fluoride concentrations in water relates to human health and water security.According to the different characteristics of water quality,the commonly used defluorination methods vary,and each has its own suitable conditions,advantages and disadvantages.Fluoride in fluorine-containing wastewater is mainly removed by chemical precipitation,membrane separation and their combination methods;coagulation precipitation,electrocoagulation,electrodialysis and capacitive deionization can be used to remove fluoride from brackish water and sea water;membrane separation,adsorption and ion exchange are commonly used in drinking water defluorination treatment.For future research on the defluorination of water,the key is to develop a defluorination technology that is simple to operate,easy to popularize,easy to regenerate,and has high regeneration capacity,high efficiency,also strong selectivity to fluoride ions.

关 键 词：氟污染 地方性氟病 水体 水处理技术 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]