不同利用方式黑钙土有机碳组分剖面分布特征  

Profile Distribution of Soil Organic Carbon Components in Chernozem Soils Under Different Land Use Types

作　　者：李春丽[1] 董军 王鸿斌[1] 王丽群[1] 赵兰坡[1] LI Chunli;DONG Jun;WANG Hongbin;WANG Liqun;ZHAO Lanpo(College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Soil Resource Sustainable Utilization for Jilin Province Commodity Grain Bases,Changchun 130118;Jilin Province Land Consolidation Center,Changchun 130061)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,吉林省商品粮基地土壤资源可持续利用重点实验室,长春130118 [2]吉林省土地整治中心,长春130061

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2022年第5期304-310,318,共8页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：吉林省重大科技专项(20200503004SF)。

摘　　要：为研究土地利用方式对土壤碳库的影响,以东北黑钙土区的天然草地、人工林地和耕地为研究对象,采集0—100 cm土体中不同土层样品(A、AB、B、BC和C层),测定不同利用方式土壤有机碳(SOC)、水溶性有机碳(WSOC)、轻组有机碳(LFOC)和重组有机碳(HFOC)含量。结果表明:3种利用方式SOC、LFOC和HFOC主要分布在A层,但草地WSOC含量在B层最多(0.27 g/kg)。由A~C层,3种土地利用方式土壤有机碳及组分有机碳含量总体均呈减少趋势,但减少程度明显不同,天然草地缓慢减少,人工林地急剧减少,耕地逐渐减少。草地转换为林地和开垦为耕地后,均造成土壤有机碳及组分有机碳含量减少,WSOC减少34%和48%,LFOC减少20%和37%,HFOC减少7%和5%,SOC减少10%和16%。草地转换为林地和开垦为耕地后,WSOC/SOC、LFOC/SOC显著降低,但HFOC/SOC却提高,说明草地被开垦后活性有机碳含量快速下降。土地利用方式和土层对SOC、WSOC和LFOC具有显著影响,且对SOC和HFOC叠加效应较强。同时,土壤理化性质也在一定程度上影响着SOC、WSOC、LFOC和HFOC。应制定合理土地利用管理政策,保护自然草地免遭破坏,减少土壤有机碳流失,发挥草地生态系统碳固存的重要作用。In order to assess the influence of land use on soil carbon pool, natural grassland, artificial woodland(directly converted from natural grassland) and cropland(reclaimed from natural grassland) in Chernozem region of Northeast China, were taken as research objects. A total of 45 soil samples were collected from these three land use types. Five soil pedogenic horizons(A, AB, B, BC and C) in 0—100 cm soil were collected. Soil organic carbon(SOC), water soluble organic carbon(WSOC), light fraction organic carbon(LFOC), and heavy fraction organic carbon(HFOC) contents were determined. The results showed that the contents of SOC, LFOC, and HFOC were mainly distributed in horizon A, but the content of WSOC was the highest in horizon B, which was 0.27 g/kg. From horizon A to horizon C, SOC and its components contents of the three land use types all showed a decreasing trend, but the decreasing degree was obviously different. The grassland decreased slowly, the woodland decreased sharply, and the cropland decreased gradually. The contents of WSOC, LFOC, HFOC, and SOC decreased by 34% and 48%, 20% and37%, 7% and 5%, 10% and 16%, respectively, after the grassland were converted into woodland and cropland. After grassland was converted to woodland and cropland, WSOC/SOC and LFOC/SOC decreased significantly but HFOC/SOC increased, indicating that the content of active organic carbon decreased rapidly. Land use types and soil horizons had significant effects on SOC, WSOC and LFOC, and had strong superposition effects on SOC and HFOC. At the same time, soil physical and chemical properties also affected SOC, WSOC, LFOC and HFOC to some extent. Rational land use management policies should be formulated to protect natural grassland from destruction, and play an important role in carbon sequestration of grassland ecosystem.

关 键 词：土壤有机碳 有机碳组分 利用方式 黑钙土 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]