生物炭对复合污染土壤——作物中镉砷累积和转运的影响  

Effects of Biochar Application on Accumulation and Transport of Cadmium and Arsenic in System of Contaminated Soil-Crops

作　　者：周昶 霍捷 李鼎豪 薛培英[1] 陈苗苗[1] 刘文菊[1] ZHOU Chang;HUO Jie;LI Dinghao;XUE Peiying;CHEN Miaomiao;LIU Wenju(State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation,Provincial and Ministerial Co Construction,Key Laboratory of Ecological of Farmland in Hebei Province,College of Resources and Environment Science,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071000;Baoding Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Baoding,Hebei 071000)

机构地区：[1]省部共建华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定071000 [2]保定市农业科学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2022年第5期393-399,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(20324002D);国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U21A2024)。

摘　　要：针对镉砷复合污染土壤中小麦籽粒重金属积累问题,采用生物模拟方法,以镉砷复合污染区土壤为研究对象,探究杏核生物炭(C1和C2分别表示3%和6%生物炭添加量)对复合污染土壤—小麦/玉米系统中镉砷累积和转运的影响。结果表明:添加生物炭(C1、C2)显著降低了小麦季根际/非根际土壤Cd、As有效性,并且小麦籽粒中Cd、As含量分别比CK平均降低19.25%和50.70%,但前者差异不显著。对玉米而言,生物炭C1、C2处理显著降低穗中Cd和As含量,降幅分别为85.67%,61.28%和98.36%,96.48%;此外,施用生物炭显著降低了小麦—玉米体系中镉砷的转运和累积,但对小麦镉由秸秆向籽粒转运及籽粒中镉累积的影响未达显著水平。总之,添加3%生物炭可降低小麦籽粒和玉米穗中镉、砷含量,且对玉米穗中重金属镉、砷降低效果更明显,综合分析生物炭对镉、砷在复合污染石灰性土壤—小麦/玉米体系中迁移和累积的阻控效应,推荐施用3%生物炭为宜。It is a big problem that the accumulation of heavy metals in wheat grains from in farmland soil contaminated with cadmium(Cd)and arsenic(As).Using biological simulation method,taking the soil in Cd and As compound polluted area as the research object,the experiment was conducted to explore the effects of biochar addition(C1 and C2 represented 3%and 6%biochar added in contaminated soil)on the accumulation and transport of Cd and As in the system contaminated soil-wheat/maize.The results showed that the addition of biochar significantly reduced the availability of Cd and As in the rhizosphere soil or non-rhizosphere soil in wheat season.And the average contents of Cd and As in wheat grains decreased by 19.25%and 50.70%compared with CK,but the difference was not significant for Cd.For the maize,the biochar treatments of C1 and C2 significantly reduced the contents of Cd and As in the ears,with a decrease of 85.67%,61.28%and 98.36%and 96.48%,respectively.Furthermore,the biochar addition decreased the translocation and accumulation of Cd and As in the system of wheat-maize,but the treatments had no significant effect on the transport of Cd from straw to grain and Cd accumulation in wheat grains.In conclusion,adding 3%biochar in contaminated soil alleviated the contents of Cd and As in wheat grains and maize ears,and had a more obvious effect on the reduction of heavy metals Cd and As in maize ears.It was better pathway to reduce the translocation and accumulation of Cd and As in the system of contaminated soil and wheat/maize through addition of 3%biochar in soil.

关 键 词：生物炭 土壤—小麦/玉米体系 土壤镉砷有效性 籽粒镉砷富集 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]