基于发光细菌法的油田钻井液生物毒性测试探讨  

Study on Biotoxicity of oilfield drilling fluid based on luminous Bacteria method

作　　者：李刚 施玉格 刘喜 LI Gang;SHI Yu-ge;LIU Xi(Ecological Environment Monitoring Station of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi Xinjiang 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区生态环境监测总站,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《干旱环境监测》2022年第3期107-112,共6页Arid Environmental Monitoring

摘　　要：建立以明亮发光细菌(photobacterium phosphoreum)T3变种作为毒性测试物种检测油田钻井液生物毒性的方法。采用发光细菌相对发光度50%时毒物浓度(即半数有效浓度EC_(50))来表示钻井液的生物毒性。分别检测聚磺钻井液、钾钙基有机盐钻井液、聚合物钻井液、天然高分子钻井液、钾钙基聚磺钻井液等5种体系入井前、油层前和入油层后的样品,通过色度校正试验去除粘稠、颜色深样品对检测结果影响。结果显示,钾钙基有机盐钻井液和天然高分子钻井液入油层前和油层后生物毒性分别为2.903×10^(3)、6.009×10^(3) mg/L和1.380×10^(4)、2.049×10^(4) mg/L,均表现出微毒,其他钻井液均为无毒。该方法操作简单、快速,适用于油田钻井液生物毒性监测需求。Establish a method of using bright luminescent bacteria(photobacterium phosphoreum T3)as a toxicity test species to detect the biotoxicity of drilling fluid.The toxic substance concentration(EC_(50))is used to indicate the biotoxicity of the drilling fluid.The effects of the five systems on the samples before entering well,before reservoir and after reservoir were examined.Five systems including polysulfur drilling fluid,potassium calcium based organic salt drilling fluid,polymer drilling fluid,natural polymer drilling fluid and potassium calcium based polysulfur drilling fluid,was tested and the effects of thick and deep color of the samples on the test results were removed by color correction test.The results showed,before and after entering the oil layer that the biotoxicity of potassium and calcium-based organic salt drilling fluid and natural polymer drilling fluid was 2.903×10^(3),6.009×10^(3) mg/L和1.380×10^(4),2.049×10^(4) mg/L.The potassium and calcium-based organic salt drilling fluid and natural polymer drilling fluid showed micro toxicity,while the other drilling fluids were non-toxic.This method is simple and fast,and is suitable for biotoxicity monitoring of oilfield drilling fluid.

关 键 词：发光细菌 油田 钻井液 生物毒性 

分 类 号：X830.2[环境科学与工程—环境工程]