水氮一体化模式对不同设施辣椒品种产量和氮素利用的影响  

Effects of Integrated Water and Nitrogen Management on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of Different Facility Pepper Cultivars

作　　者：胡晨曦 杨剑婷 张永吉[1,2] 张云虹 张瑛[1] 祁建波[1,2] 张林巧[1,2] 周如美 张永泰 陈以博[1] HU Chen-xi;YANG Jian-ting;ZHANG Yong-ji;ZHANG Yun-hong;ZHANG Ying;QI Jian-bo;ZHANG Lin-qiao;ZHOU Ru-mei;ZHANG Yong-tai;CHEN Yi-bo*(Lixiahe Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225007;Yangzhou Nongke Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.,Yangzhou 225007,China;Yangzhou Hanjiang District Agricultural Products Quality Supervision and Testing Center,Yangzhou 225000,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所,江苏扬州225007 [2]扬州农科农业发展有限公司,江苏扬州225007 [3]扬州市邗江区农产品质量监督检测中心,江苏扬州225000

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2022年第7期1-8,共8页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：江苏省现代农业重点研发项目(BE2021330);江苏省蔬菜产业技术体系项目(JATS[2021]267);2019年度扬州市“绿扬金凤计划”优秀博士项目。

摘　　要：以4个设施辣椒品种为材料,研究了水氮一体化模式对其产量和氮素利用的影响。结果表明,与传统水氮模式(沟灌施氮)相比较,水氮一体化模式(滴灌施氮)提高了不同辣椒品种的产量、氮肥农学效率、氮肥回收效率和氮肥偏生产力,提高幅度表现为:扬椒2号>科技之光9号>苏椒5号>扬椒5号。同时,水氮一体化模式提高了不同辣椒品种在各生育阶段的干物质积累量和氮积累量,促进了植株生长,有利于叶面积指数的增加,其中扬椒2号的提升效果大于其他品种。此外,水氮一体化模式提高了不同辣椒品种初花期、盛花期和盛果期的叶片净光合速率、硝酸还原酶活性和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性,增强了叶片光合能力和氮同化能力,有利于提高植株干物质积累量和氮积累量,其中扬椒2号的提升效果大于其他品种。通径分析表明,与其他生育阶段相比较,盛花—盛果期的干物质积累量和氮积累量对提高辣椒产量和氮素利用效率起着最重要的作用。综上所述,水氮一体化模式通过增强叶片光合能力和氮同化能力来促进植株干物质积累和氮积累(主要在盛花—盛果期),从而提高了辣椒产量和氮素利用效率,且扬椒2号的提升效果最佳,因此更适宜水氮一体化模式。Four different facility pepper cultivars were selected to investigate integrated water and nitrogen management on their yield and nitrogen utilization.The results showed that compared with conventional water and nitrogen management(nitrogen application by furrow irrigation),integrated water and nitrogen management(nitrogen application by drip irrigation)increased yield,nitrogen agronomic efficiency,nitrogen recovery efficiency and nitrogen partial factor productivity of different pepper cultivars,and the increase showed:Yangjiao No.2>Kejizhiguang No.9>Sujiao No.5>Yangjiao No.5.Moreover,integrated water and nitrogen management increased dry matter accumulation and nitrogen accumulation of different pepper cultivars at each growth period to promote plant growth,which was conducive to increase leaf area index,and the increase of Yangjiao No.2 was greater than other pepper cultivars.In addition,integrated water and nitrogen management increased leaf net photosynthetic rate,nitrate reductase activity and glutamine synthetase activity of different pepper cultivars at initial flowering,full flowering and full fruiting to enhance leaf photosynthetic capacity and nitrogen assimilation ability,which was conducive to increase plant dry matter accumulation and nitrogen accumulation,and the increase of Yangjiao No.2 was greater than other pepper cultivars.Path analysis showed that dry matter accumulation and nitrogen accumulation during full flowering to full fruiting played the most important role in improving pepper yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency compared with other growth periods.In conclusion,integrated water and nitrogen management enhanced leaf photosynthetic capacity and nitrogen assimilation ability to promote plant dry matter accumulation and nitrogen accumulation(mainly during full flowering to full fruiting),resulted in increased pepper yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency,and the increase of Yangjiao No.2 was greater than other pepper cultivars,which was more suitable for integrated water and nitro

关 键 词：水氮一体化模式 设施辣椒 品种 产量 氮素利用 

分 类 号：S626[农业科学—园艺学]