近30年江西省茶叶春霜冻害风险分析与区划  

Risk Analysis and Regionalization of Spring Frost Damage of Tea in Jiangxi Province in Recent 30 Years

作　　者：黄尚书[1,2] 孙永明[1] 吴艳[1] 何绍浪 余跑兰[1] 林小兵 HUANG Shang-shu;SUN Yong-ming;WU Yan;HE Shao-lang;YU Pao-lan;LIN Xiao-bing(Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil,Nanchang 330046,China;College of Land Resources and Environment,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省红壤研究所,江西南昌330046 [2]江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2022年第7期158-163,共6页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划(2018IBBF60032、20192BBFL60007);江西省茶叶产业技术体系(JXARS-02)。

摘　　要：利用江西省26个气象站点1991~2020年的日最低气温观测资料,探讨了江西省各地区茶叶春霜冻害发生天数的年际变化和高发时段,分析了江西省各地区重度、中度和轻度茶叶春霜冻害发生的频率,计算了江西省各地区茶叶冻害风险指数并进行了风险区划。结果表明:(1)近30年来,江西省年平均春霜冻害发生日数平均为3.71 d,茶叶春霜冻害天数以-0.847 d/10 a的倾向率显著下降(P<0.05);(2)近30年来,江西省的茶叶春霜冻害主要发生在3月上旬,占总发生天数的48%,3月中、下旬也有相当的比例发生茶春霜冻害,占总发生天数的30.06%~41.61%;(3)近30年来,江西省的茶叶春霜冻害发生频率相对较高,除赣南地区春霜冻害发生频率相对较低外(55.83%),其他地区茶叶春霜冻害发生频率均在75%以上,其中江西省各地区以轻度春霜冻害为主,赣中、赣西北和赣东北这3个地区的中度春霜冻害发生频率相对较高(≥27.92%),此外,赣西北的重度春霜冻害也有较高的发生频率(28.75%);(4)近30年来,江西省春霜冻害风险指数(I)平均为0.36,各地区表现为赣南(0.22)<赣中(0.35)<赣东北(0.38)<赣西北(0.43),根据Kriging法插值结果及经验判断,将江西省春霜冻害风险划分为基本无冻害风险区(I<0.2)、轻度冻害风险区(0.2≤I<0.4)、中度冻害风险区(0.4≤I<0.6)和重度冻害风险区(I≥0.6)。研究可为江西茶产业的合理规划布局提供理论依据,为江西茶树防灾避灾提供技术支撑。Based on the daily minimum temperature observation data of 26 meteorological stations in Jiangxi Province from 1991 to 2020,the interannual variation and high incidence period of tea spring frost damage in various regions of Jiangxi Province were discussed.The frequency of severe,moderate and mild tea spring frost damage in various regions of Jiangxi Province was analyzed.The risk index of tea frost damage in various regions of Jiangxi Province was calculated,and the risk regionalization was carried out.The results showed that:(1)In recent 30 years,the average number of spring frost injury days in Jiangxi province was 3.71 days,and the tendency rate of spring frost damage days of tea decreased significantly,with-0.847 d/10 a(P<0.05).(2)In recent 30 years,the spring frost damage of tea in Jiangxi province mainly occurred in the first ten days of March,accounting for 48%of the total days,A considerable proportion of spring frost damage of tea also occurred in the middle and last ten days of March,accounting for 30.06%~41.61%of the total days.(3)In recent 30 years,the frequency of spring frost damage of tea in Jiangxi Province was relatively high,Except that the frequency of spring frost damage in southern Jiangxi was relatively low(55.83%),the frequency of spring frost damage of tea in other regions was more than 75%.Among them,all regions of Jiangxi Province were dominated by mild spring frost,and the frequency of moderate spring damage in central Jiangxi,northwest Jiangxi and northeast Jiangxi was relatively high(≥27.92%).In addition,the frequency of severe spring frost in northwest Jiangxi was also high(28.75%).(4)In recent 30 years,the average risk index of spring frost damage in Jiangxi Province was 0.36,and the performance of each region was southern Jiangxi(0.22)<central Jiangxi(0.35)<northeast Jiangxi(0.38)<northwest Jiangxi(0.43).According to the interpolation results of Kriging method and empirical judgment,the risk of spring frost damage in Jiangxi Province was divided into basically no frost damage ri

关 键 词：近30年 江西省 茶叶春霜冻害 风险分析与区划 

分 类 号：S425[农业科学—植物保护]