五大连池火山蒙古栎种群结构及动态特征  

Population structure and dynamic characteristics of Quercus mongolica in Wudalianchi Volcanoes, China

作　　者：谢立红[1,2] 黄庆阳 曹宏杰[1] 杨帆[1] 王继丰[1] 王建波[1] 倪红伟[2,3] XIE Lihong;HUANG Qingyang;CAO Hongjie;YANG Fan;WANG Jifeng;WANG Jianbo;NI Hongwei(Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology,Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;National and Provincial Joint Engineering Laboratory of Wetlands and Ecological Conservation,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]湿地与生态保育国家地方联合工程实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [3]黑龙江省林业科学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2022年第5期960-970,共11页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31770497);中央引导地方科技发展专项(ZY20B15);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2021C079);黑龙江省科学院科学研究基金项目(KY2022ZR03)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析五大连池4座老期火山南坡蒙古栎种群结构特征,揭示蒙古栎种群的生存现状,预测种群的发展趋势,以期为五大连池火山森林植被的演替、恢复与可持续发展提供科学依据。【方法】通过样地调查和数据统计,绘制种群年龄结构图,编制种群静态生命表,拟合种群存活曲线,运用生存分析与数量化分析法研究种群结构及动态,通过时间序列模型预测种群发展趋势。【结果】4座火山蒙古栎种群均低龄数量不足,以Ⅴ~Ⅶ龄级成熟树个体为主,表现为稳定型种群,存活曲线均为DeeveyⅡ型;生存分析表明:4个种群具有前期逐渐减少、中期趋于稳定的特点,但危险率加剧上升,种群在Ⅵ龄级之后开始进入生理衰退期,预示种群后期有衰退的趋势;数量化动态分析表明:东焦德布山、小孤山和南格拉球山蒙古栎种群忽略外部干扰的种群数量变化动态指数(V_(pi))大于0,种群表现为增长型,考虑外部干扰的种群数量变化动态指数(V'_(pi))等于或趋近于0,种群表现为稳定型,而尾山蒙古栎种群V_(pi)和V'_(pi)都小于0,种群表现为衰退型,且4个种群对外界随机干扰均具有较高的敏感性;时间序列预测表明:4个种群在未来2、4、6个龄级后个体数量均有减少趋势。【结论】4座老期火山南坡蒙古栎种群当前均为稳定型,但小树阶段有限的环境资源导致个体数量下降趋势显著,种群老龄个体数量发展潜力较小,形成该种群更新和发展的瓶颈,随着种群发展有向衰退转化的趋势。[Objective]This study aims to investigate the population structure characteristics of Quercus mongolica on the south slope of four old volcanoes in Wudalianchi,reveal the survival status of the population and predict the population development trend,so as to provide scientific basis for the succession,restoration and sustainable development of forest vegetation in Wudalianchi.[Method]Based on field survey and data analysis,the population age structure diagram,static life table,and survival curve were drawn.The population structure and dynamics were studied using survival analysis and quantitative dynamics analysis.The population development trend was predicted by time-sequence model.[Result]The population of Q.mongolica in the four volcanoes was young and insufficient,mainly composed of mature trees of age classⅤ−Ⅶ,which showed a stable population,and the survival curve was DeeveyⅡtype.The survival analysis showed that the four populations gradually declined in the early stage and tended to be stable in the middle stage,but the risk function increased sharply,and the population began to enter the physiological decline period after this age class,indicating that the population had a decline trend in the later stage.The population dynamic analysis indicated that the population index V_(pi) of Q.mongolica in East Jiaodebu Volcano,Xiaogu Volcano and South Gelaqiu Volcano was greater than 0,belonging to the growing type,and V'_(pi) was equal to or close to 0,indicating that the population was a stable type.The population dynamic index V_(pi)<0 and V'_(pi)<0 in Wei Volcano indicated that the population was a declining type.And the four populations were highly sensitive to external random interference.Time series prediction showed that the number of Q.mongolica individuals of the four populations would decrease after 2,4,and 6 age classes in the future.[Conclusion]The four populations are stable at present,but the number of individuals decreases significantly due to the limited resources in the sapling stage,whi

关 键 词：五大连池火山 蒙古栎 年龄结构 静态生命表 存活曲线 生存分析 种群动态指数 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]