“汉语”“华语”等词的产生年代及其最后的胜出  

On the Emergence of the Words “ Hanyu ” and “ Huayu ” and their Final Victory

作　　者：董志翘 Dong zhiqiao

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学文学院,北京100083 [2]南京师范大学文学院,江苏南京210097

出　　处：《南京师范大学文学院学报》2022年第3期19-30,共12页Journal of School of Chinese Language and Culture Nanjing Normal University

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“中古汉语虚词研究及中古汉语虚词词典编撰”(18AYY020)。

摘　　要：一直以来,在大型语文性辞书及语言学论著中,一般都认为“汉语”一词始见于北周庾信《奉和法筵应诏》诗,“华语”一词始见于唐刘知几《史通》,实际上,这些词的产生都与汉末佛教传入中国有着密切关系,在佛典的传译中,“汉”“华”与“胡”“梵”等语言常常成为对应关系。因此“汉语”“华语”这一类词大多都产生并始见于佛教传入中国以后。而在历史上对于华夏族、汉民族的语言也有过诸多其他名称的情况下,“汉语”“华语”何以能够最后胜出,成为当前国内外比较普遍的一个称谓的原因,也值得进一步探讨。In important Chinese dictionaries and linguistic works,it is generally believed that the word“Hanyu”was firstly found in Yu Xin's poem Fenghe Fayan Yingzhao in Northern Zhou Dynasty,and the word“Huayu”was firstly found in Liu Zhiji's Shi Tong in Tang Dynasty.In fact,the emergence of these words is closely related to the introduction of Buddhism into China in the late Han Dynasty.In the interpretation of Buddhist scriptures,“Han”,“Hua”and“Hu”,“Sanskrit”or the names of other foreign languages were often contrast with each other.Therefore,the words referring Chinese such as“Hanyu”or“Huayu”came into being after Buddhism was introduced into China.In history,there have been many other names for the languages of the Huaxia or Han nationalities,it should be further discussed that why“Hanyu”and“Huayu”can win out and be accepted as the appellation for Chinese language at home and abroad.

关 键 词：汉语 华语 始见时代 胜出 原因 

分 类 号：H1-09[语言文字—汉语]