弹簧参数对记忆合金式J-T制冷器流量的影响  

Influence of spring parameters on performance of self-regulated J-T cryocooler

作　　者：张巍[1] 苏鹏翼 高涛 贾宝军[1] Zhang Wei;Su Pengyi;Gao Tao;Jia Baojun(North China Research Institute of Electro-optics,Beijing 100015,China)

机构地区：[1]华北光电技术研究所,北京100015

出　　处：《低温与超导》2022年第8期93-99,共7页Cryogenics and Superconductivity

摘　　要：针对记忆合金式自调型J-T制冷器流量不稳定的问题,通过理论和试验研究,分析了记忆合金弹簧收缩量、平衡弹簧与主动弹簧的刚度对制冷器流量的影响。结果表明,在相同进气压力下,制冷器自调后的流量随记忆合金弹簧收缩量的增加而降低;记忆合金弹簧收缩量波动可导致制冷器流量波动;通过疲劳试验,可提高记忆合金弹簧收缩量及制冷器自调后流量的稳定性。振动测试前后,记忆合金弹簧收缩量及制冷器流量无明显差异,表明该制冷器结构具有较好的抵抗力学冲击的能力。当进气压力变化范围一定时,增加平衡弹簧与主动弹簧刚度的和,可缩小制冷器自调后流量的变化范围,降低流量超差的风险。For the unsteady operation of the shape memory alloy(SMA) self-regulated J-T cryocooler,both the influences of the shrinkage of memory alloy spring and the stiffness of balance spring or active spring on the cryocooler flow rate were analyzed theoretically and experimentally.The results show that under the same inlet pressure,the flow rate after self-regulation decreases with the increase of SMA shrinkage.The shrinkage fluctuation of SMA can cause the flow fluctuation of the cryocooler.The stability of SMA shrinkage and the flow rate after self-regulation can be improved by fatigue test.No significant difference appears within SMA shrinkage or the flow rate under the vibration test,indicating that this cryocooler structure has considerable resistance to mechanical impact.When the variation range of inlet pressure is certain,increasing the sum of the stiffness of the balance spring and the active spring could narrow the change range of the flow rate after self-regulation,reducing the risk of flow out of tolerance.

关 键 词：J-T制冷器 记忆合金 流量 弹簧 

分 类 号：TB65[一般工业技术—制冷工程]