闸板防喷器-窜动钻杆动态剪切机理研究  

Dynamic Shear Mechanism of Ram Blowout Preventer and Moving Drill Pipe

作　　者：陈永胜 张凤丽[1] 王仕强 吕志阳 王金江[1] Chen Yongsheng;Zhang Fengli;Wang Shiqiang;Lü Zhiyang;Wang Jinjiang(China University of Petroleum(Beijing);Safety and Environment Protection Quality Supervision&Testing Research Institute,CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京) [2]中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司安全环保质量监督检测研究院

出　　处：《石油机械》2022年第9期19-27,35,共10页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“高安全装备大修工程风险预测评估技术研究”(2020YFB1709702);中国石油大学(北京)科研基金项目“闸板防喷器剪切机理与可靠性建模方法”(2462021YXZZ001)。

摘　　要：针对钻杆窜动状态下的闸板防喷器剪切机理不明确,造成现场作业缺乏理论指导的现象,以窜动钻杆为研究对象,应用基于拉、压、剪耦合作用下的三参数广义强度准则,构建了适用于窜动钻杆应力计算的理论模型,详细阐述了在闸板正常切入条件下钻杆的剪切机理,主要包括钻杆断口截面变形过程、作用载荷应力规律以及断口损伤程度,并通过显式动力学仿真分析模块对理论模型进行验证。研究结果表明,相对于静态剪切工况,窜动状态下的钻杆在剪切过程中所受的应力较大,断口损伤程度较为严重,且在钻杆发生完全断裂时,闸板的行程位移量较大。由理论模型计算出的应力数值与仿真分析得到的数据相对偏差小于10%,证明了其具有较高的适用性。研究结果可为剪切闸板防喷器的现场使用及性能评估提供理论依据。The shear mechanism of ram blowout preventer is not clear in the state of drill pipe moving,which results in a lack of theoretical guidance for field operation.In this paper,taking the moving drill pipe as the study object,by using the three-parameter generalized strength criterion based on the coupling of tension,compression and shear,a theoretical model for stress calculation of moving drill pipe was established.In addition,the shear mechanism of drill pipe under the condition of normal cutting of the ram was explained in detail,mainly including the deformation process of drill pipe fracture section,the law of the applied load stress and the degree of fracture damage.Finally,the theoretical model was verified by using the explicit dynamics simulation analysis module.The results show that,compared with the static shear condition,the drill pipe in the moving state is subject to higher stress during the shearing process and the fracture damage is more serious.When the drill pipe is completely broken,the stroke displacement of the ram is larger.Furthermore,the relative deviation between the calculated stress from the theoretical model and the data obtained from simulation analysis is less than 10%,which proves its high applicability.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for field application and performance evaluation of shear ram blowout preventers.

关 键 词：剪切闸板防喷器 窜动钻杆 动态剪切机理 三参数广义强度准则 应力计算 

分 类 号：TE931[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]