论监察法规备案审查时的合法性审查标准  

On the Legitimacy Review Criteria in the Record Review of Supervision Regulations

作　　者：郭文涛 GUO Wen-tao(Editorial Office of China Law Review,Beijing 100161,China)

机构地区：[1]《中国法律评论》编辑部,北京100161

出　　处：《山东行政学院学报》2022年第5期44-52,共9页Journal of Shandong Academy of Governance

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“完善党和国家监督体系研究”(21AZD088)。

摘　　要：监察法规作为中国特色社会主义法律体系中的“新生儿”,在备案审查时对其进行合法性审查,不仅有利于实现备案审查的制度功能,而且有利于推进纪检监察工作规范化法治化。通过对合法性标准进行规范梳理,结合国家监察工作的特殊性,全国人大常委会在对监察法规进行备案审查时,其合法性标准应当包括权限合法、内容合法、程序合法三个方面的内涵。权限合法标准是指监察法规没有超越权限,没有对自己无权规定的事项作出规定。超越权限的具体情形主要包括以下三种:对法律保留事项作出规定,违反授权决定超出授权范围,违法创设监察对象的权利与义务或监察机关的权力与责任。内容合法标准是指监察法规的内容是有法律依据的,没有抵触上位法,这在学理上也被称之为法律优先原则。程序合法标准是指制定监察法规时没有违背法定程序,程序合法标准至少应当包含以下四个方面:公众参与、国家监委全体会议决定、党中央批准、国家监委公布。从权限、内容、程序三个方面,对《监察法实施条例》进行合法性审查,这部监察法规总体而言是合法的。As the“newborn”in the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics,the legitimacy review of supervision regulations during the record review is not only conducive to the realization of the institutional func⁃tion of record review,but also conducive to promoting the standardization and legalization of discipline inspec⁃tion and supervision.Through the normative review of the legitimacy review criteria in the record review,com⁃bined with the particularity of the national supervision work,the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress should include the legitimacy of the authority,the legitimacy of the content,and the legitimacy of the procedure when reviewing the record of the supervision regulations.The legitimacy of the authority means that the supervision laws and regulations do not exceed the authority and do not stipulate the matters they have no right to stipulate.The specific circumstances of exceeding the authority mainly include the following three kinds:Making provisions on the matters reserved by the law,violating the authorization decision,exceeding the scope of authorization,illegally creating the rights and obligations of the supervision object or the powers and responsibilities of the supervision organ.The legitimacy of the content means that the content of supervision regulations has a legal basis and does not conflict with the superior law,which is also known as the principle of legal priority in theory.The legitimacy of the procedure means that the formulation of supervision regulations does not violate the legal procedures and is in line with the legal procedures.The procedural legitimacy criteria of supervision regulations shall at least include the following four aspects:the participation of the public,the de⁃cision of the plenary meeting of the State Supervision Commission,the approval of the Party Central Committee and the publication of the State Supervision Commission.From the three aspects of authority,content and proce⁃dure,the legitimacy review of the Reg

关 键 词：监察法规 备案审查 合法性标准 《监察法实施条例》 

分 类 号：D922[政治法律—法学]