沙棘黄酮对泌乳中期荷斯坦奶牛瘤胃发酵参数、细菌菌群结构及代谢产物的影响  

Effects of Seabuckthorn Flavonoids on Rumen Fermentation Parameters,Rumen Microorganism Structure and Metabolites in Mid-Lactation Holstein Dairy Cows

作　　者：赵慧颖 余诗强 贺李莹 熊本海[2] 王慧 蒋林树 ZHAO Huiying;YU Shiqiang;HE Liying;XIONG Benhai;WANG Hui;JIANG Linshu(Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition,College of Animal Science and Technology,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China;Beijing Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]北京农学院动物科学技术学院,奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室,北京102206 [2]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第9期5809-5823,共15页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：北京市教育委员会重点项目(KZ202010020029);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31772629)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究沙棘黄酮对泌乳中期荷斯坦奶牛瘤胃发酵参数、细菌菌群结构及代谢产物的影响。试验选取胎次、体重、日产奶量和泌乳期相近的中国荷斯坦奶牛30头,随机分为3组,每组10头,在全混合日粮(TMR)基础上分别添加0、60、100 g/(d·头)的沙棘黄酮,分别标记为BC组、BL组和BM组。试验共计75 d,其中预试期15 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:1)与BC组相比,BL组瘤胃液中乙酸浓度及乙酸/丙酸显著提高(P<0.05),BL组和BM组戊酸浓度显著降低(P<0.05)。2)在门水平上,与BC组相比,添加沙棘黄酮对瘤胃细菌相对丰度均无显著影响(P>0.05)。在属水平上,与BC组相比,BL组拟杆菌目RF16菌群(Bacteroidales_RF16_group)、理研菌科_RC9_肠道菌群(Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group)、瘤胃梭菌属(Ruminiclostridium)的相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05)。3)与BC相比,BL组中19种代谢物[苯丙酮酸、邻氨基苯甲酸、岩白菜素、烟胺比林、天竺葵色素、芦丁等]的含量显著上调(P<0.05),6种代谢物[(2S)-2-氨基-5-戊酮酸、3-脱氢奎尼酸、来苏糖、磷酸高丝氨酸、5,6-二羟基-1,3-二烯-1-羧酸以及N-acetylpuromycin]的含量显著下调(P<0.05);通过KEGG分析可知,苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成途径、氨基酸的生物合成途径为差异代谢物显著富集途径。综上所述,奶牛饲粮中添加沙棘黄酮提高了泌乳中期荷斯坦奶牛瘤胃中乙酸浓度,降低了戊酸浓度,提高了纤维降解菌的相对丰度,并使瘤胃中与氨基酸的生物合成通路相关的代谢物含量上调。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of seabuckthorn flavonoids on rumen fermentation parameters,rumen microorganism structure and metabolites in mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows.Thirty Chinese Holstein dairy cows with similar parity,body weight and daily milk yield and days in milk were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 cows per group.Seabuckthorn flavonoids were top-dressed 0(group BC),60(group BL)and 100 g/(d·head)(group BM)to the total mixed ration(TMR),respectively.The experiment lasted for 75 days,the pre-trial period lasted for 15 days and the formal trial period lasted for 60 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with group BC,the concentration of acetate and the ratio of acetate to propionate in rumen fluid in group BL significantly increased(P<0.05),and the concentration of valerate in groups BL and BM significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)At the phylum level,compared with group BC,adding seabuckthorn flavonoids had no significant effect on the relative abundance of rumen bacteria(P>0.05).At the genus level,compared with group BC,the relative abundances of Bacteroidales_RF16_group,Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and Ruminiclostridium in group BL significantly increased(P<0.05).3)Compared with group BC,the contents of 19 metabolites(phenylpyruvic acid,anthranilic acid,bergenin,nifenazone,pelargonidin,rutin and so on)in group BL significantly up-regulated(P<0.05),and the contents of 6 metabolites[(2S)-2-amino-5-oxopentanoic acid,3-dehydroquinic acid,D-lyxose,o-phosphohomoserine,5,6-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,3-diene-1-carboxylate and N-acetylpuromycin]significantly down-regulated(P<0.05).According to KEGG functional annotation and enrichment analysis,differential metabolites were mainly enriched in phenylalanine,tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis pathway and amino acid biosynthesis pathway.In conclusion,dietary supplementation of seabuckthorn flavonoids increase the concentration of acetate and the ratio of acetate to propionate,and decrease the concentration of valeratein rumen of mid-la

关 键 词：沙棘黄酮 荷斯坦奶牛 瘤胃细菌 瘤胃代谢物 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]