喷浆玉米皮替代玉米粉对山羊营养物质采食和消化、瘤胃发酵、甲烷排放和瘤胃微生物数量的影响  

Effects of Replacing Corn Flour with Corn Gluten on Feeding and Digestion,Rumen Fermentation,Methane Emission and Rumen Microbial Number of Goats

作　　者：郑雪玥 文江南 张秀敏[1] 马志远[1] 邓近平 王敏[1] ZHENG Xueyue;WEN Jiangnan;ZHANG Xiumin;MA Zhiyuan;DENG Jinping;WANG Min(Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,长沙410125 [2]华南农业大学,广州510642

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第9期6003-6011,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31922080);湖南省科技计划项目(2022NK2021)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究喷浆玉米皮替代玉米粉对山羊营养物质采食和消化、瘤胃发酵、甲烷排放和瘤胃微生物数量的影响。采用单因素试验设计,选用24只体况良好、体重相近的湘东黑山羊,随机分为2组,每组12只。玉米粉组饲喂基础饲粮,喷浆玉米皮组饲喂以喷浆玉米皮替代玉米粉的试验饲粮。试验期47 d,预试期10 d,正试期37 d。结果表明:与玉米粉相比,喷浆玉米皮可以显著提高山羊粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维采食量和消化率(P<0.05);显著降低山羊甲烷的每天排放量、采食每千克干物质排放量和采食每千克可消化干物质排放量(P<0.05);显著增加山羊瘤胃pH、溶解态硫化氢和氨态氮浓度以及丙酸比例(P<0.05),显著降低溶解态氢、溶解态甲烷浓度和乙酸/丙酸以及氢的生成效率(P<0.05);显著增加山羊瘤胃真菌数量(P<0.05),显著降低瘤胃嗜淀粉瘤胃球菌数量(P<0.05)。由此可见,喷浆玉米皮替代玉米粉可以增加山羊纤维摄入量,降低淀粉摄入量,有助于瘤胃真菌的增殖,抑制瘤胃嗜淀粉瘤胃球菌的增殖,增加瘤胃溶解态硫化氢的产生,促进瘤胃发酵模式向丙酸型转变,降低山羊甲烷排放。The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of replacing corn flour with corn gluten on feeding and digestion,rumen fermentation,methane emission and rumen microbial number of goats.The experiment was designed by a single factor experiment,and twenty-four healthy Xiangdong black goats with similar body weight were randomly divided into 2 groups with 12 goats in each group.The goats in the corn flour group were fed a basal diet,and the goats in the corn gluten group were fed the experimental diet with corn gluten completely replacing corn flour.The experimental period lasted for 47 days,the adaptation period lasted for 10 days and the formal period lasted for 37 days.The results showed as follows:compared with the corn flour,the corn gluten significantly improved the feed intake and digestibility of crude protein,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber of goats(P<0.05);significantly reduced the daily emission,dry matter emission per kilogram of feed intake and digestible dry matter emission per kilogram of feed intake of methane of goats(P<0.05);significantly improved the pH,dissolved hydrogen sulfide and ammonia nitrogen concentrations and acetate proportion in rumen of goats(P<0.05),and significantly reduced the dissolved hydrogen and dissolved methane concentrations,acetate/propionate and hydrogen generation efficiency(P<0.05);significantly improved the rumen fungi number of goats(P<0.05),and significantly reduced the rumen Ruminococcus amylophilus number(P<0.05).In conclusion,replacing corn flour with corn gluten can increase fiber intake and decrease starch intake,contribute to the proliferation of rumen fungi,inhibit the proliferation of rumen Ruminococcus amyloidophilus,increase the production of dissolved hydrogen sulfide in rumen,promote the transformation of rumen fermentation mode to propionic acid type,and decrease the methane emission of goats.

关 键 词：湘东黑山羊 喷浆玉米皮 瘤胃发酵 氢代谢 甲烷排放 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]