厨余垃圾合成生物塑料(PHA)综合研究型实验设计  

Design of comprehensive and research-based experiment on bioplastics(PHA) synthesis from food waste

作　　者：徐恒 李懿南 习佳兴 郑明霞 卜庆伟[1] 王春荣[1] 王启宝[1] XU Heng;LI Yinan;XI Jiaxing;ZHENG Mingxia;BU Qingwei;WANG Chunrong;WANG Qibao(School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2022年第9期25-30,共6页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：中国矿业大学(北京)本科教育教学改革与研究项目(J210313);国家自然科学基金项目(51908547)。

摘　　要：围绕当前我国厨余垃圾分类和“限塑令”两个政策热点,设计了厨余垃圾合成生物塑料(PHA)综合研究型实验。该实验针对厨余垃圾低温热水解制备液态碳源和利用碳源合成PHA两个过程,开展影响因素考察和性能优化研究。实验结果表明,当厨余垃圾自然储存1d时,利用低温热水解制备的碳源中COD约为80 g/L,其中有机酸总浓度达到16 g/L,乳酸和丙酸为有机酸的主要成分;液态碳源中乳酸含量越高,污泥中合成PHA产量越高,当乳酸含量为40%时,PHA含量达到34.9%。该实验以直观、生动的方式引导学生开展厨余垃圾收集、储存和转化利用等连贯实验操作,有助于培养学生对厨余垃圾资源化这一复杂环境工程问题的分析与解决能力。Focusing on the current two policy hotspots of food waste sorting and “Plastic restriction order”, a comprehensive and research-based experiment on bioplastics(PHA) synthesis from food waste is designed. In this experiment, the influencing factors and performance optimization research are carried out for the two processes of preparing liquid carbon source by low-temperature hydrothermal hydrolysis of food waste and using carbon source to synthesize PHA. The experimental results show that when food waste is naturally stored for 1 day, the COD concentration of the carbon source prepared by low-temperature thermal hydrolysis is about 80 g/L, of which the total organic acids reaches 16 g/L, and lactic acid and propionic acid are the main components of organic acids.The higher lactic acid content in the liquid carbon source is consistent with the higher production rate of synthetic PHA in the sludge. When the lactic acid content is 40%, the PHA content reaches 34.9%. This experiment guides students to carry out coherent experimental operations including food waste collection, storage, and conversion &utilization in an intuitive and vivid way, which helps to develop students’ ability to analyze and solve the complex environmental engineering problem of food waste recycling.

关 键 词：综合研究型实验 环境工程 厨余垃圾 生物塑料 低温热水解 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]